Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41349605›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

Unique molecular architecture of N-glycosylated TM4SF5 dimer highlights evolutionary and structural divergence among small four-transmembrane protein families.

Yoonji Lee, Ji Eon Kim, Wonsik Kim, Soyeon Kim, Ri Han, Donghyuk Suh, Eunmi Kim, Eun-Ae Shin, Kyung-Hee Pyo, Jae-Ho Lee and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Repurposing niclosamide to mitigate inflammaging: a review of multi-target mechanisms in cellular senescence and age-related decline.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Yoonji LeeCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, the Republic of Korea. Electronic address: yoonjilee@cau.ac.kr.
Ji Eon KimDepartment of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, the Republic of Korea.
Wonsik KimDepartment of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
Soyeon KimDepartment of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
Ri HanCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, the Republic of Korea.
Donghyuk SuhGlobal AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, the Republic of Korea.
Eunmi KimDepartment of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
Eun-Ae ShinDepartment of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
Kyung-Hee PyoDepartment of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
Jae-Ho LeeDepartment of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
Sanghee YoonGlobal AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, the Republic of Korea.
Yong-In KimDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
Je-Yoel ChoDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea.
Sun ChoiGlobal AI Drug Discovery Center, College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, the Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sunchoi@ewha.ac.kr.
Jung Weon LeeDepartment of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, the Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jwl@snu.ac.kr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMembrane proteins, including small four-transmembrane proteins, play roles in membrane organization and signal transduction. Generally, they share capacities for protein-protein association and subcellular translocation to regulate cellular functions.

objectivesDespite known commonalities and differences in structure and function, the relationships among the tetraspanin, CD20-like, golgi 4-transmembrane spanning transporter (Mtp), and transmembrane 4 L six (L6) families remain unclear.

methodsHere, we mostly compared TM4SF5, a transmembrane 4 L6 family member, to the genuine tetraspanins and the CD20-like family, exploring unique aspects that evolved from the small four-transmembrane proteins.

resultsTM4SF5 and other L6 membrane proteins have two conserved cysteines, affecting N-glycosylation in the large extracellular loop (LEL) and favoring a dimeric state, whereas the tetraspanins maintained their cysteine residues in addition to the CCG motif. However, TM4SF5 and other L6 membrane proteins have more sequence similarity to proteins in the CD20-like family, which lack these features in the LEL. Uniquely, TM4SF5 and other L6 membrane proteins have a β-sheet configuration in the LEL, unlike other small four-transmembrane proteins with α-helices.

conclusionTherefore, the unique features in the LEL and the N-glycosylation of TM4SF5 may contribute to dimer formation and cholesterol binding, potentially influencing regulatory roles in liver malignancy development.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularMembrane ProteinsAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsCysteineGlycosylationHumansProtein MultimerizationTetraspaninsCysteineMembrane ProteinsTetraspaninsTM4SF5 protein, humanDimerizationN-glycosylationSmall four-transmembrane proteinsStructural evolutionTetraspanin

Identifiers

PMID41349605
PMCPMC13539156

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.