Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41350845›Full record

ArticleBMC ophthalmology2025

Evaluation of serum YKL-40 and Galectin-3 as predictive biomarkers for proliferative vitreoretinopathy in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a prospective comparative study.

Nurullah Koçak, Ahmet Özdemir, Mertcan Esenkaya

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Nurullah KoçakDepartment of Ophthalmology, Ondokuzmayıs University Hospital, Atakum, Samsun, 55200, Turkey. dr.nuric@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8811-7294
Ahmet ÖzdemirDepartment of Ophthalmology, Çukurca State Hospital, Çukurca, Hakkari, 30700, Turkey.
Mertcan EsenkayaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Ondokuzmayıs University Hospital, Atakum, Samsun, 55200, Turkey.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo investigate the association between serum YKL-40 and Galectin-3 levels and the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), and to evaluate their diagnostic and predictive value as potential biomarkers.

methodsEighty-eight subjects were divided into three groups: RRD with PVR (n = 32), RRD without PVR (n = 36), and healthy controls (n = 20). Serum YKL-40 and Galectin-3 concentrations were determined using ELISA. Clinical variables such as symptom duration and macular status were recorded. Group comparisons and regression analyses were used to assess associations with PVR development, and ROC analysis evaluated diagnostic performance.

resultsSerum YKL-40 and Galectin-3 levels were significantly higher in RRD patients than in controls (both p < 0.001). YKL-40 was markedly elevated in PVR (+) cases compared with PVR(–) and controls (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001), whereas Galectin-3 differed significantly only between PVR(+) and controls (p < 0.001). In multivariate logistic regression, higher YKL-40 (OR = 1.081, 95% CI 1.022–1.142, p = 0.006), Galectin-3 (OR = 1.029, 95% CI 1.004–1.054, p = 0.021), and delayed surgery (> 7 days) (p < 0.01) were independent predictors of PVR. ROC analysis between PVR (+) and PVR (–) groups demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy for YKL-40 (AUC = 0.739, p = 0.001; cut-off 26.9 ng/mL) and moderate accuracy for Galectin-3 (AUC = 0.643, p = 0.045; cut-off 99.7 pg/mL).

conclusionsElevated serum YKL-40 and Galectin-3 levels are associated with PVR development in RRD, reflecting underlying inflammatory and fibrotic activity. YKL-40 exhibited superior predictive performance, suggesting its potential as a systemic biomarker for identifying patients at risk of postoperative proliferation. Further studies incorporating intraocular biomarker profiling and targeted inhibition of these pathways may support novel adjunctive strategies to prevent PVR recurrence and improve surgical outcomes.

Indexed as

Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1Galectin 3Retinal DetachmentVitreoretinopathy, ProliferativeAdultBiomarkersEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesROC CurveBiomarkersCHI3L1 protein, humanChitinase-3-Like Protein 1Galectin 3BiomarkerGalectin-3Proliferative vitreoretinopathyRetinal detachmentYKL-40

Identifiers

PMID41350845
PMCPMC12797585

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.