Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41351955›Full record

ArticleUltrasonics sonochemistry2026

Red cabbage anthocyanin-rich natural colorant: Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction, microencapsulation, bioaccessibility, and functional yogurt development.

Sumandeep Kaur, Amisha Rani, Reshma Thakur, Abhilasha Sharma, Kritika Kuksal, Aman Sharma, Arti Shivraj Nile, Shivraj Hariram Nile

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sumandeep KaurDivision of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, BRIC-National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (Formerly National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute), Sector-81, Mohali 140306 Punjab, India.
Amisha RaniDivision of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, BRIC-National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (Formerly National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute), Sector-81, Mohali 140306 Punjab, India.
Reshma ThakurDivision of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, BRIC-National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (Formerly National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute), Sector-81, Mohali 140306 Punjab, India.
Abhilasha SharmaDivision of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, BRIC-National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (Formerly National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute), Sector-81, Mohali 140306 Punjab, India.
Kritika KuksalDivision of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, BRIC-National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (Formerly National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute), Sector-81, Mohali 140306 Punjab, India.
Aman SharmaDivision of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, BRIC-National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (Formerly National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute), Sector-81, Mohali 140306 Punjab, India.
Arti Shivraj NileDepartment of Food Science and Technology, School of Health Sciences, Amity University, Sector-82A, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, 140306 Punjab, India.
Shivraj Hariram NileDivision of Food and Nutritional Biotechnology, BRIC-National Agri-Food and Biomanufacturing Institute (Formerly National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute), Sector-81, Mohali 140306 Punjab, India. Electronic address: shivraj.nile@nabi.res.in.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Anthocyanins from red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra) are promising natural pigments with notable health benefits, but their thermal and gastrointestinal instability limits functional food applications. This study employed ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and spray-drying microencapsulation to enhance their stability, bioaccessibility, and functionality. Optimization using a Box-Behnken design (pH 3.0-5.0, 30-60 °C, 20-90  min, 0.025-0.05  g/mL solid-liquid ratio) identified optimal UAE conditions (pH 3.5, 45 °C, 55  min, 0.0375  g/mL), yielding 125.72 ± 0.83  mg/L anthocyanins. Freeze drying retained the highest anthocyanin content (129.02 ± 3.36  mg/L), while spray-drying with 10 % maltodextrin achieved excellent encapsulation efficiency (96.36 ± 0.80 %) and yield (99.40 %). FTIR confirmed the presence of phenolic groups, and SEM revealed spherical microcapsules (∼10.27  µm) with smooth surfaces. Encapsulation significantly improved thermal stability at 70 °C, reducing the degradation rate constant (0.00043  min

Indexed as

AnthocyaninsBrassicaChemical FractionationFood Coloring AgentsUltrasonic WavesYogurtAntioxidantsBiological AvailabilityDrug CompoundingHumansAnthocyaninsAntioxidantsFood Coloring AgentsAnthocyaninsBioaccessibilityMicroencapsulationRed cabbageStabilityUltrasound

Identifiers

PMID41351955
PMCPMC12732316

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.