ArticleNPJ Parkinson's disease2025
Longitudinal insights from iron accumulation in motor system of prodromal and clinical Parkinson's disease.
Article in NPJ Parkinson's disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trace Elements Dyshomeostasis and Toxic Metals Neurotoxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases.Biological trace element research · 2026Review
- Development and external validation of a machine learning-based model for identifying advanced Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Iron dysregulation is known to play a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). The specific patterns of regional iron accumulation in PD and in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), which is considered the prodromal stage of PD, remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we employed an advanced sub-voxel quantitative susceptibility mapping technique (APART-QSM), which separates paramagnetic from diamagnetic sources, thereby enabling in vivo iron quantification based specifically on paramagnetic susceptibility measurement. We applied APART-QSM to 36 healthy controls, 54 patients with iRBD, and 52 patients with early-stage PD (mean disease duration: 5.8 ± 3.6 years; Hoehn and Yahr stage ≤3). Fifteen participants from each group underwent follow-up assessments ranging from 6 to 48 months. Our findings identified novel extrapyramidal and pyramidal regions exhibiting spatial and temporal changes of paramagnetic susceptibility in iRBD and PD. Moreover, paramagnetic susceptibility values were found to serve as potential image biomarkers, reflecting tremor severity (tremor subscore of Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III, MDS-UPDRS III) and non-tremor severity (rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability subscores of MDS-UPDRS III), with the ability to predict disease progression and track phenoconversion from iRBD to PD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.