ReviewTheranostics2026
Metal homeostasis as a therapeutic lever: advancing metalloimmunology to remodel the tumor microenvironment and enhance cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Theranostics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Liposome-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Mechanisms, Preparation Strategies, Clinical Status, and Therapeutic Applications.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Metal-based nanodrugs for cancer immunotherapy: smart nanosystems, immunomodulatory mechanisms, and translational perspectives.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Review
- Key Tumor Responsive ZIF-8 Nanocarriers for Effective Anti-Cancer Therapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Targeting the dysregulation of essential metal homeostasis represents a rapidly evolving frontier in cancer immunotherapy. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex immunosuppressive ecosystem comprising tumor cells, immune cells, stromal components, extracellular matrix, and diverse cytokines/chemokines, characterized by hypoxia, acidosis, elevated redox stress, and metabolic dysregulation that drive tumor progression and immunotherapy resistance. Crucially, dysregulated homeostasis of essential metals (e.g., Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg, Mn, Ca, Cr, Na, K) pervades the TME, directly promoting tumorigenesis through oncogenic pathway activation and aberrant energy metabolism while facilitating immune evasion, amplifying immunosuppression, and undermining cancer immunotherapies. In response, recent strategies have focused on leveraging metalloimmunology to reprogram the TME via: (1) activation of innate/adaptive immunity, (2) disruption of tumor metabolism, (3) induction of programmed cell death, and (4) triggering of immunogenic cell death (ICD). These approaches synergize with existing immunotherapies to enhance efficacy, aided by nanotechnology-enabled precision delivery of metal-based agents. In conclusion, by mastering the intricate interplay between metal ions and the immunosuppressive TME, these strategies hold immense potential to remodel the TME, reinvigorate anti-tumor immunity, and ultimately enhance the efficacy of next-generation cancer immunotherapies. This review presents metalloimmunology as an integrative paradigm connecting metal biology, tumor immunology, and nanotechnology, providing a transformative outlook for immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.