Evidence mapPaperPMID 41356707Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of nanomedicine2025

Actively Targeted Nanoparticles for Enhanced Diagnosis, Treatment, and Vaccination of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review.

Johnessa Cung, Patihul Husni, Kyung Taek Oh

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of nanomedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Johnessa CungUndergraduate Program of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia.
Patihul HusniDepartment of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-8448-0491
Kyung Taek OhCollege of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-4379-7238

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, hampered by prolonged, toxic treatment regimens that lead to poor patient adherence and drug resistance, as well as diagnostic tools that lack sensitivity and specificity. This systematic review evaluates recent advancement in actively targeted nanoparticle (NP) systems designed to improve TB diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination. Peer-reviewed studies published after 2015 focusing on NPs with active targeting capabilities were analyzed. The findings show that: ligand-functionalized NPs achieve precise, receptor-mediated targeting of infected cells, enhancing therapeutic efficacy; integrating diagnostic elements into these platforms enables rapid, sensitive biomarker detection; and antigen-loaded NPs effectively modulate immune responses, showing significant promise for novel vaccine development. Therefore, actively targeted NPs represent a transformative platform to overcome critical limitations in TB care by offering a unified strategy to improve diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic outcomes, and vaccine-induced immunity.

Indexed as

Nanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemNanoparticlesTuberculosisTuberculosis VaccinesAnimalsAntitubercular AgentsHumansMycobacterium tuberculosisVaccinationAntitubercular AgentsNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemTuberculosis Vaccinescarrierligandreceptor-mediatedspecificsurface modifier

Identifiers

PMID41356707
PMCPMC12681205

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.