Evidence mapPaperPMID 41357993Full record

ArticleClinical interventions in aging2025

Sex Differences in the Association Between Inflammatory Biomarkers (Hs-CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) and Frailty in Hospitalized Adults Aged ≥65 in Taizhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Heng Yang, Jiechenming Xiao, Weihong Zhang, Xiaoyu Liu, Huiping Mao, Dan Xu

Abstract read
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Article in Clinical interventions in aging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Heng YangDepartment of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Jiechenming XiaoDepartment of Nursing, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0009-5876-2730
Weihong ZhangDepartment of Nursing, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Xiaoyu LiuDepartment of Emergency, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Huiping MaoDepartment of Nursing, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Dan XuDepartment of Nursing, Taizhou First People's Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Frailty is a prevalent geriatric syndrome that is strongly related to systemic inflammation; nevertheless, sex differences in its association with inflammation remain poorly understood. We aimed to investigate sex-specific associations between inflammatory biomarkers and frailty in a large cohort of hospitalized older adults. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study with 4,438 older adults aged ≥65 years was conducted at Taizhou First People's Hospital (Taizhou, China) between 23/08/2024 and 31/05/2025. The 28-item Frailty Index (FI-28, score ≥0.25 indicates frail) was used to measure frailty. High-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) (immunofluorescence), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) (flow cytometry) were measured; biomarkers underwent ln-transformation. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for frailty per 1 standard deviation (SD) rise in ln-transformed biomarkers, controlling for confounders. Sex-specific differences were evaluated using interaction tests. Results: Women experienced frailty at a higher rate than men did (37.68% vs 22.8%, P < 0.001). After adjustment, high levels of IL-6, hs-CRP, and IL-10 in frail older adults were significantly linked to frailty risk (all P < 0.001). Nevertheless, TNF-α did not (p = 0.983). The relationship of frailty with IL-6, hs-CRP, and IL-10 was found to be significantly altered by sex, according to interaction tests (P Conclusion: In older adults, elevated levels of hs-CRP, IL-6, and IL-10 are associated with higher frailty risk; the associations are significantly stronger in women than in men. These findings emphasize considering sex differences in frailty management; however, longitudinal studies are required to confirm causality.

Indexed as

C-Reactive ProteinFrail ElderlyFrailtyInflammationAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGeriatric AssessmentHospitalizationHumansInterleukin-10Interleukin-6MaleBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinIL10 protein, humanInterleukin-10Interleukin-6Tumor Necrosis Factor-alphaagingbiomarkersdisability evaluationfrailty syndromehealthy aginginflammatorysex differences

Identifiers

PMID41357993
PMCPMC12679863

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.