ArticleFrontiers in plant science2025
Post-transcriptional regulation dominates protein biosynthesis in
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Duckweed represents a promising alternative protein source, yet enhancing its protein content remains essential for large-scale applications. This study investigated how high nitrogen and phosphorus stress from biogas slurry affects protein accumulation in Landoltia punctata and explored the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms. Methods: Results: Biogas slurry treatments significantly increased crude protein content in a concentration-dependent manner, with the 4% treatment showing the highest value of 24.18% compared to 18.13% in controls. Multi-omics analysis revealed a low correlation between mRNA and protein expression (R=0.1387), indicating dominant post-transcriptional regulation. Ribosomal proteins were significantly upregulated at the protein level without corresponding transcriptional changes, suggesting enhanced translation efficiency. Concurrently, key enzymes in amino acid catabolism were downregulated, potentially conserving substrates for protein synthesis. The photosynthetic system showed coordinated downregulation at both transcriptional and protein levels, with suppression of light-responsive genes and carbon fixation pathway components, indicating redirected carbon and energy flows toward nitrogen assimilation. Discussion: Biogas slurry enhances duckweed protein accumulation primarily through post-transcriptional regulation. Enhanced translation efficiency coupled with metabolic reallocation from photosynthesis to nitrogen assimilation optimizes protein synthesis. This first multi-omics perspective on post-transcriptional regulation under biogas slurry stress provides theoretical support for molecular breeding of high-protein duckweed.
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