Trial reportThe Journal of infectious diseases2026
Antineuraminidase Antibody Responses in Older Adults After Consecutive Vaccinations With Enhanced Influenza Vaccines: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03330132 (Immunogenicity of Alternative Annual Influenza Vaccination Strategies in Older Adults in Hong Kong - a Randomized Controlled Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Immunogenicity of Alternative Annual Influenza Vaccination Strategies in Older Adults in Hong Kong - a Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- ELISA-based quantification of neuraminidase in commercial influenza vaccines using virus-derived reference antigens.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- mRNA-based seasonal influenza vaccines: an overview of immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntineuraminidase antibodies have been identified as a correlate of protection for influenza virus infection. We evaluated the immunogenicity of enhanced influenza vaccines vs standard-dose vaccine in inducing neuraminidase inhibition (NAI) antibodies in older adults in a 2-year randomized trial.
methodsIn 2017-2018, older adults aged 65 to 82 years in Hong Kong were randomly allocated to receive standard-dose quadrivalent (SD-IIV4), high-dose trivalent (HD-IIV3), MF59-adjuvanted trivalent (aIIV3), or recombinant quadrivalent (RIV4) influenza vaccines of 2017-2018 northern hemisphere formations; HD-IIV3, aIIV3, and RIV4 are enhanced vaccines. NAI antibodies to the 2017-2018 A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) vaccine strains were determined from 400 recipients (100 per vaccine group). In 2018-2019, participants were rerandomized to receive the same or a different type of vaccine of northern hemisphere formations. NAI antibodies to the 2018-2019 A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) vaccine strains were determined from SD-IIV4 (n = 45), HD-IIV3 (n = 64), aIIV3 (n = 75), or RIV4 (n = 29) recipients. NAI antibody titers on the day of vaccination and 30 days postvaccination were used to compare the geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) of titers and the seroconversion rates of enhanced influenza vaccines vs SD-IIV4.
resultsSD-IIV4, HD-IIV3, and aIIV3 induced detectable NAI antibodies to N1 and N2 antigens with GMFR significantly greater than 1. In both years, aIIV3 induced significantly higher GMFR and seroconversion rates to N1 and N2 antigens than SD-IIV4. Notably, individual baseline NAI antibody titers were inversely associated with the postvaccination antibody titer fold rises in all vaccine groups.
conclusionsMF-59-adjuvanted aIIV3 induced a superior NAI antibody response in older adults than SD-IIV4 in a 2-year randomized trial. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03330132.
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