Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41360451›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Association of blood pressure control, lifestyle and socioeconomic status with self-rated health in patients with hypertension: a national cross-sectional study.

Nazgol Behgam, Maryam Karimi Ghahfarokhi, Yosra Azizpour, Shadi Naderyan Feli, Soroush Mozafari, Mojtaba Lotfaliany, Hamid Reza Tohidinik, Farzad Kompani, Nazila Rezaei, Shirin Djalalinia

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Nazgol BehgamNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Maryam Karimi GhahfarokhiNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Yosra AzizpourNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Shadi Naderyan FeliEndocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Soroush MozafariNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Mojtaba LotfalianyNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Hamid Reza TohidinikNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Farzad KompaniDivision of Hematology and Oncology, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Nazila RezaeiNon-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of) nazila_r@yahoo.com shdjalalinia@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4241-1783
Shirin DjalaliniaDeputy of Research and Technology, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran (the Islamic Republic of) nazila_r@yahoo.com shdjalalinia@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo examine demographic, behavioural and clinical determinants of self-rated health (SRH) among Iranian adults with hypertension (HTN), with a particular focus on the association between blood pressure (BP) control and perceived health.

designNational cross-sectional analysis of 15 predictors spanning demographic, lifestyle and clinical domains.

setting2021 Iranian STEPwise Approach to Non-communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance, a nationally representative survey.

participantsA total of 8812 adults with HTN (mean age 56.97 years; 57% female). Controlled HTN was defined as systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg among individuals on antihypertensive therapy. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was SRH, measured on a standard EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale (0-100).

resultsControlled HTN was independently associated with higher SRH scores (β=1.31, 95% CI 0.07 to 2.54). Positive predictors of SRH included male gender (β=4.34, 95% CI 3.38 to 5.31), higher wealth (richest vs poorest: β=5.52, 95% CI 4.06 to 6.97), sufficient physical activity (β=4.38, 95% CI 3.48 to 5.28), healthier diet (β=3.06, 95% CI 1.99 to 4.14) and complementary insurance coverage (β=2.50, 95% CI 0.63 to 4.37). Significant negative predictors included diabetes mellitus (β=-4.23, 95% CI -5.59 to -3.26), dyslipidaemia (β=-3.61, 95% CI -4.62 to -2.59), people who smoke (β=-4.21, 95% CI -5.64 to -2.78) and older age. Notably, antihypertensive medication use showed one of the strongest negative associations with SRH (monotherapy: β=-4.83; combination therapy: β=-5.28), likely reflecting underlying disease severity and treatment burden.

conclusionsBetter SRH among hypertensive adults was associated with controlled BP, healthier lifestyle patterns and higher socioeconomic status. Conversely, comorbidities, smoking, older age and antihypertensive treatment were linked to poorer perceived health. Integrating SRH screening into HTN management may help identify vulnerable individuals and inform targeted interventions addressing behavioural and socioeconomic determinants of health.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsHealth StatusHypertensionLife StyleSocial ClassAdultAgedBlood PressureCross-Sectional StudiesExerciseFemaleHumansIranMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsAntihypertensive AgentsCoronary heart diseaseHypertensionIschaemic heart diseasePUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID41360451
PMCPMC12684176

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.