Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41361202›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Long-term biological surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in critical points for municipal sewage catchment in light of wastewater-based epidemiology, public health and environmental hygiene.

Karol Korzekwa, Tomasz Lepionka, Agnieszka Bisak, Oliwia Obuch-Woszczatyńska, Klaudia Bylińska, Agnieszka Kauc, Katarzyna Skuza, Bartosz Zaborski, Małgorzata Krzyżowska

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Karol KorzekwaMilitary Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Warsaw, Poland. karol.korzekwa@wihe.pl.ORCID 0000-0003-0473-8515
Tomasz LepionkaMilitary Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Center, Puławy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4174-6776
Agnieszka BisakMunicipal Water and Sewerage Company of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Oliwia Obuch-WoszczatyńskaMilitary Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Parasitology Laboratory, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0009-0004-2812-5013
Klaudia BylińskaMilitary Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Parasitology Laboratory, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0009-0004-4941-8528
Agnieszka KaucMilitary Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Warsaw, Poland.
Katarzyna SkuzaMilitary Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Biological Threats Identification and Countermeasure Center, Puławy, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4152-9368
Bartosz ZaborskiMunicipal Water and Sewerage Company of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Małgorzata KrzyżowskaMilitary Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Medical and Environmental Microbiology, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8409-3974

Funding

Ministry of National Defence, Poland National Health Program for 2021-2025" no 357/2021/DA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Routine monitoring and wastewater-based bio-surveillance represents a strong supporting tool for following and understanding SARS-CoV-2 endemicity or epidemic dynamics in society. The main objective of the research was a two-year qualitative and quantitative monitoring program of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage in a model urban agglomeration (the capital city), including the development of an algorithm for action in this area and a joint evaluation of procedures with a water and sewage company (public administration sector). To resolve problems, we continuously investigated inflows and outflows of four wastewater treatment plants and raw sewage of the whole catchment (including healthcare units, airport and military areas) within the Warsaw capital city for SARS-CoV-2, during two waves of COVID-19 in 2023 and 2024. The screening was performed by RT-qPCR (N1, N2, E probes) and NGS metagenomics analysis. The average cumulative load of the virus in sewage for the whole tested period was 3.5 × 10

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2SewageWastewaterWastewater-Based Epidemiological MonitoringEnvironmental MonitoringHumansHygienePolandPublic HealthSewageWastewaterPublic health, environmental hygieneSARS-CoV-2 genotypesWastewater-based epidemiologyWhole-catchment coverage

Identifiers

PMID41361202
PMCPMC12685948

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.