Trial reportBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025
Mental health and body mass index in early pregnancy: a secondary analysis of three randomised controlled trials.
Trial report in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveOverweight and obesity in pregnant women have been associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety, but the strength of these associations and the influence of confounders remain uncertain. Understanding these associations may help identify women at risk in early pregnancy and guide targeted support. This study aimed to quantify associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in early pregnancy and to assess whether they persisted after adjustment for confounders.
methodsThis secondary analysis pooled baseline data from three randomised controlled trials including women at gestational week 10 + 0 to 20 + 0: LIMIT (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m²), GRoW (BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m²) and OPTIMISE (BMI ≥ 18.5 to ≤ 24.9 kg/m²). LIMIT and OPTIMISE randomised participants to lifestyle intervention or standard care. In GRoW all women received a lifestyle intervention and were randomised to metformin or placebo. At baseline, women completed questionnaires assessing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and HRQoL (SF-12 or SF-36).
results2961 pregnant women (mean BMI: 29.3 kg/m
conclusionIncreasing BMI was associated with higher depressive symptoms and poorer physical HRQoL in early pregnancy, but effect sizes were small, inconsistent, and attenuated after adjustment, suggesting modest associations partly explained by confounding. These findings highlight the need for a holistic approach to supporting mental health in pregnant women with overweight or obesity, as multiple factors beyond body weight likely contribute.
trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry; LIMIT (ACTRN12607000161426, 9 March 2007); OPTIMISE (ACTRN12614000583640, 30 May 2014); GRoW (ACTRN12612001277831, 10 December 2012).
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