Evidence mapPaperPMID 41364797Full record

SynthesisJournal of medical Internet research2025

Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Imaging for Predicting Preoperative Extraprostatic Extension in Prostate Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Xin Zhang, Yiting Qi, Xi Wang, Haowen Chen, Jia Li

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of medical Internet research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xin ZhangDepartment of Nursing, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, 368 Jinhaian Community, Sanzao Town, Jinwan District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China, 86 137 2625 6630.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-5128-9734
Yiting QiDepartment of Ultrasound Imaging, Zhuhai People's Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-6835-8183
Xi WangDepartment of Nursing, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, 368 Jinhaian Community, Sanzao Town, Jinwan District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China, 86 137 2625 6630.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-7247-4891
Haowen ChenDepartment of Nursing, Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macau, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-2553-4559
Jia LiDepartment of Nursing, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, 368 Jinhaian Community, Sanzao Town, Jinwan District, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, 519000, China, 86 137 2625 6630.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7430-8583

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, particularly those using machine learning and deep learning to analyze multimodal imaging data, have shown considerable promise in enhancing preoperative prediction of extraprostatic extension (EPE) in prostate cancer. Objective: This meta-analysis compares the diagnostic performance of AI-enabled imaging techniques with that of radiologists for predicting preoperative EPE in prostate cancer. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to September 2025, following PRISMA-DTA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy) guidelines. Studies applying AI techniques to predict EPE using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA PET) imaging were included. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) for both internal and external validation sets were extracted and pooled using a bivariate random effects model. Study quality was assessed using the modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Performance Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. Results: A total of 21 studies were included in the analysis. For internal validation sets in patient-based analyses, mpMRI-based AI demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 0.77 (95% CI 0.71-0.82), specificity of 0.71 (95% CI 0.64-0.78), and AUC of 0.81 (95% CI 0.77-0.84). In external validation, mpMRI-based AI achieved a sensitivity of 0.66 (95% CI 0.43-0.84), specificity of 0.80 (95% CI 0.64-0.90), and AUC of 0.80 (95% CI 0.77-0.84). In comparison, radiologists achieved a pooled sensitivity of 0.69 (95% CI 0.60-0.76), specificity of 0.73 (95% CI 0.66-0.78), and AUC of 0.77 (95% CI 0.73-0.80). Statistical comparisons between mpMRI-based AI and radiologists showed no significant difference in sensitivity (Z=1.61; P=.10), specificity (Z=0.43; P=.67). Conversely, the AUC of mpMRI-based AI was significantly higher than that of PSMA PET-based (Z=2.77; P=.01). PSMA PET-based AI showed moderate performance with sensitivity of 0.73 (95% CI 0.65-0.80), specificity of 0.61 (95% CI 0.30-0.85), and AUC of 0.74 (95% CI 0.70-0.77) in internal validation, and in external validation, it demonstrated sensitivity of 0.77 (95% CI 0.57-0.89) and specificity of 0.50 (95% CI 0.22-0.78), demonstrating no significant advantage over radiologists. Conclusions: mpMRI-based AI demonstrated improved diagnostic performance for preoperative prediction of EPE in prostate cancer compared to conventional radiological assessment, achieving higher AUC. However, PSMA PET-based AI models currently offer no significant advantage over either mpMRI-based AI or radiologists. Limitations include the retrospective design and high heterogeneity, which may introduce bias and affect generalizability. Larger, more diverse cohorts are essential for confirming these findings and optimizing the integration of AI in clinical practice.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceProstatic NeoplasmsHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMultiparametric Magnetic Resonance ImagingPositron-Emission Tomographyartificial intelligenceextraprostatic extensionmagnetic resonance imagingmeta-analysisprostate cancer

Identifiers

PMID41364797
PMCPMC12688051

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.