Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41365582›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Non-pharmacological and psychosocial interventions for comorbid hypertension and depression: a scoping review.

Chuan Zou, Huadong Chen, Changming Liu, Zuoping Tang, Yi Yao, Dongze Li, Chaojie Liu, Xiaoyang Liao

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chuan ZouGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5094-3486
Huadong ChenDepartment of General Practice, Community Health Center of Xiao Jiahe, Chengdu, China.
Changming LiuDepartment of General Practice, Xihanggang Community Health Center, Chengdu, China.
Zuoping TangDepartment of General Practice, Hesheng Town Health Center, Wenjiang District Chengdu City, China.
Yi YaoGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6360-6841
Dongze LiThe Department of Emergency, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Chaojie LiuSchool of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia liaoxiaoyang@wchscu.cn c.liu@latrobe.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0877-0424
Xiaoyang LiaoGeneral Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China liaoxiaoyang@wchscu.cn c.liu@latrobe.edu.au.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesHypertension and depression frequently co-occur, complicating patient management and worsening outcomes. This scoping review aims to systematically map non-pharmacological interventions for managing comorbid hypertension and depression, providing insights into current practices and guiding future research.

methodsFollowing the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews standards, a comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases, including PUBMED, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, covering the literature from January 2004 to December 2023. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria focusing on non-pharmacological or complex interventions. Data extraction was performed using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication checklist to ensure detailed and structured summaries of each intervention.

resultsFifteen quantitative studies were included, most of which were pilot randomised control trials, pre-post studies and with generally small sample sizes (20 to 2365). Interventions were categorised into integrated and coordinated care, behavioural and psychological interventions and physical and lifestyle interventions. Delivery methods varied, with most interventions being face-to-face, while a few used digital platforms such as mobile apps and telephone support. Disease-level and patient-level outcomes were mainly reported, while only three examined system-level outcomes. 13 of 15 included studies showed positive results in managing comorbidity. The variability in follow-up periods (ranging from 1 week to 12 months) and measurement instruments across studies limited the ability to draw consistent long-term conclusions.

conclusionThis scoping review highlights the role of psychosocial and non-pharmacological interventions, particularly collaborative/integrated care and behavioural therapies, in managing comorbid hypertension and depression. These interventions consistently improve depressive symptoms, with mixed effects on blood pressure control. Further research is needed to standardise core outcomes and evaluate the long-term effectiveness and scalability of these interventions.

Indexed as

DepressionHypertensionPsychosocial InterventionComorbidityHumansDepression & mood disordersHypertensionPUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID41365582
PMCPMC12699677

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.