Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41366159›Full record

ArticleProtoplasma2026

Artificial MicroRNA delivery and gene silencing via extracellular vesicles derived from molecularly modified tobacco.

Yury Shkryl, Zhargalma Tsydeneshieva, Tatiana Gorpenchenko, Vitaly Kazarin, Olesya Kudinova, Victor Bulgakov, Yulia Yugay

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Protoplasma, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Yury ShkrylFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia. yn80@mail.ru.
Zhargalma TsydeneshievaFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
Tatiana GorpenchenkoFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
Vitaly KazarinFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
Olesya KudinovaFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
Victor BulgakovFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
Yulia YugayFederal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity of the Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia. yuya1992@mail.ru.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as biocompatible carriers for RNA-based delivery in both plant and non-plant systems. In this study, we present the first demonstration that EVs derived from plants can be engineered to deliver artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) and induce gene silencing in planta. Molecularly modified Nicotiana tabacum plants were generated to express an amiRNA which was designed to target the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene. EVs isolated from tobacco plants expressing amiR-GFP were 100–200 nm in diameter and exhibited selective enrichment of the amiRNA at levels comparable to endogenous miR167a and miR168a. Functional assays demonstrated that these EVs were efficiently internalized by EGFP-expressing tobacco protoplasts and intact leaves, leading to a reduction in EGFP expression, as confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and RT-qPCR. Suppression of GFP fluorescence was more rapid in protoplasts and became evident within the first hour post-application, whereas in leaves, a significant effect appeared closer to two hours. These findings establish that plant-derived EVs can be programmed to deliver amiRNAs, highlighting their potential for future applications in plant biotechnology and RNA-based delivery platforms.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesGene SilencingGene Transfer TechniquesMicroRNAsNicotianaGreen Fluorescent ProteinsPlant LeavesPlants, Genetically ModifiedProtoplastsenhanced green fluorescent proteinGreen Fluorescent ProteinsMicroRNAsArtificial MicroRNAEV-mediated deliveryExtracellular vesiclesGene silencingNicotiana tabacumPlant RNA traffickingSmall RNAs

Identifiers

PMID41366159

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.