SynthesisMedicine2025
Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk: Pathophysiology and interventional approaches - systematic review.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prognosis by Renal Function With or Without Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction.JACC. Asia · 2026Article
- Cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibition with obicetrapib is associated with attenuated decline in kidney function in patients at high cardiovascular risk: Post hoc pooled results from the BROADWAY and BROOKLYN trials.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Renal Replacement Therapy in Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Challenges for Dialytic Therapies and Kidney Transplantation.Cardiorenal medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern due to its association with increased cardiovascular risk. Patients with CKD, especially those with moderate to severe renal dysfunction, face a heightened risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. This systematic review evaluates the relationship between CKD and cardiovascular risk, focusing on the pathophysiology, risk factors, and clinical outcomes related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in CKD populations.
methodsA comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted for studies investigating CKD and cardiovascular risk. Seven studies, including cross-sectional, and cohort designs, were included in this review. These studies involved a total of 104,576 participants, with diverse stages of CKD and varying cardiovascular risk profiles. Data on renal dysfunction stages, cardiovascular risk factors, and mortality outcomes were extracted and analyzed.
resultsThe studies consistently demonstrated that CKD is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including coronary heart disease and stroke, compared to individuals without CKD. Even early stages of CKD were linked to a higher likelihood of CVD. Participants with CKD exhibited a greater burden of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. The overall mortality rate from cardiovascular causes was also higher in CKD patients, with some studies reporting a two-fold or greater increase in risk.
conclusionCKD is strongly linked to an increased cardiovascular risk, with higher stages of renal dysfunction associated with a more significant risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This review emphasizes the need for early detection and comprehensive management of cardiovascular risk factors in CKD patients. Future research should focus on identifying novel biomarkers and evaluating the long-term efficacy of emerging therapies in reducing cardiovascular risk in CKD populations.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.