Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41367243›Full record

ArticleImmunotherapy2025

Consequences of adverse events in cancer immunotherapy combinations - a comprehensive real-world analysis.

Siv Gyda Aanes, Carsten Nieder, David Westfall Bates, Siri Wiig, Ellinor Christin Haukland

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Immunotherapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Siv Gyda AanesDepartment of Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway.ORCID 0009-0000-0593-0248
Carsten NiederDepartment of Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-1592-2908
David Westfall BatesSHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
Siri WiigSHARE - Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-0186-038X
Ellinor Christin HauklandDepartment of Oncology and Palliative Medicine, Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway.ORCID 0000-0002-5697-2218

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are pivotal in systemic anticancer therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate incidence, severity and consequences of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in ICI combinations by comparing different adverse events classification systems.

methodsA retrospective multicentre cohort study included patients treated with ICI combinations. IrAEs were assessed by CTCAE v.5, NCC MERP index and SITC consensus for chronic irAEs.

resultsAmong 612 patients, 244 (40%) experienced 354 irAEs, in total 58 irAEs per 100 patients varying between treatments. Higher incidence was observed for autoimmune disease, thoracic radiotherapy, melanoma, dual ICI and ICI/TKI. Severe irAEs occurred in 147 patients, leading to treatment discontinuation and hospitalization in half of the patients. Chronic irAEs were common, with 64% persisting beyond three months after ICI discontinuation, 22% of these resolved (median 135 steroid days, 154 days to resolution). Common chronic toxicities included endocrine, pulmonary or rheumatic irAEs. Fatal irAEs affected 16 patients, primarily from pneumonitis, colitis or hepatitis.

conclusionNCC MERP better captured clinical consequences compared to CTCAE, while SITC criteria uniquely identified long-term irAEs. Severe and chronic irAEs were frequent, emphasizing the need for improved communication about irAE management and prospective studies with revised toxicity definitions.ClinicalTrials.govIDNCT06476158.

Indexed as

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyNeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesImmune Checkpoint InhibitorschronicconsequencesCTCAEimmunotherapy combinationsirAElong-termNCC MERPSITC

Identifiers

PMID41367243
PMCPMC12952247

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.