ReviewFrontiers in genetics2025
Ecuador genetic mosaic: biological and adaptive variations across Mestizos, Native Amerindians, and Afro-Ecuadorians. Implications for public health and precision medicine.
Review in Frontiers in genetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Uncovering the hidden burden of congenital anomalies in Ecuador: a national integrated analysis of hospital discharges, mortality records, and live birth statistics (2012-2024).Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Understanding human biological diversity is fundamental to improving health and addressing inequities, yet most genomic and biomedical studies remain focused on European and Asian populations. Latin American groups-particularly mestizos, Native Amerindians, and Afro-descendants-are underrepresented, limiting the applicability of global findings. Ecuador, with its tri-hybrid ancestry shaped by Amerindian, European, and African lineages, provides a valuable model to explore how genetic, environmental, and sociocultural factors jointly influence adaptation and disease. Objective: To synthesize and critically evaluate evidence on biological and adaptive variation among Ecuadorian populations, emphasizing methodological transparency, representational equity, and implications for public health and precision medicine. Methods: A narrative review of studies published between 2007 and 2024 was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligible works reported empirical data on genetics, immunogenetics, pharmacogenomics, adaptive physiology, or epidemiology among Mestizos, Native Amerindians, and Afro-Ecuadorians. Results: Evidence supports a tri-hybrid ancestry structure: mestizos show predominantly Amerindian autosomal ancestry with European paternal input; Afro-Ecuadorians retain African heritage with notable Amerindian admixture; and Native Amerindians preserve distinctive lineages and HLA profiles. Well-documented adaptations include altitude tolerance in Andean groups, persistence of the sickle cell trait in Afro-Ecuadorians, and variation in vitamin D status and lactase persistence. Pharmacogenomic differences in CYP2D6, DPYD, and TPMT demonstrate clinical relevance but remain based on small, localized samples. Conclusion: Ecuadorian populations illustrate how genetic diversity intersects with environment and inequity. Strengthening representativeness, ethical engagement, and translation of genomic evidence into policy are essential to advance equitable precision medicine in Latin America.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.