Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41367666›Full record

ArticleERJ open research2025

Anxiety and depression impact exertional breathlessness in daily life and during exercise testing: the CanCOLD study.

Magnus Ekström, Pei Zhi Li, Hayley Lewthwaite, Jean Bourbeau, Wan C Tan, Andreas von Leupoldt, Dennis Jensen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ERJ open research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Magnus EkströmFaculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine, Allergology and Palliative Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-5113
Pei Zhi LiMontreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Hayley LewthwaiteCentre of Research Excellence in Treatable Traits, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5212-2937
Jean BourbeauMontreal Chest Institute, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7649-038X
Wan C TanDepartment of Medicine, University of British Columbia Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Andreas von LeupoldtResearch Group Healthy Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Dennis JensenTranslational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program and Respiratory Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Exertional breathlessness is a limiting symptom that often coexists with anxiety and depression. We tested the hypothesis that anxiety and depression negatively impact exertional breathlessness in daily life and during standardised cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Methods: Analysis of people aged ≥40 years undergoing incremental cycle CPET. Exertional breathlessness in daily life was assessed using the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale and CPET normative reference equations. CPET abnormal exertional breathlessness was defined as a breathlessness (Borg 0-10) intensity rating above the upper limit of normal at peak exercise. Associations of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)) with exertional breathlessness were analysed using multivariable regression models adjusting for anthropometrics, smoking, comorbidities, and lung function at rest and during CPET. Results: Across 1155 participants (42% women; 66±10 years), 12% had anxiety and 6% had depression (HADS≥8), 5% experienced exertional breathlessness in daily life (mMRC≥2), and 22% and 16% showed abnormal breathlessness on CPET by power output ( Conclusion: This is the first study to show that the association of anxiety and depression with worse breathlessness in daily life persists during standardised CPET, independent of a wide range of disease severity markers - making these psychological symptoms important therapeutical targets.

Identifiers

PMID41367666
PMCPMC12683579

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.