Evidence mapPaperPMID 41368317Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025

Association between parity and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Sisi Li, Jian Li, Liyan Du, Xinling Wang, Yanshang Zhang, Yuange Xiao, Chunying Pan, Yan Huo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. [Analysis of Maternal Pregnancy Characteristics and Adverse Neonatal Birth Outcomes at a Single Center From 2017 to 2022].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sisi LiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Jian LiDepartment of General Medical, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Liyan DuDepartment of Information Management, Hebei Center for Women and Children's Health, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Xinling WangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Yanshang ZhangDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Yuange XiaoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Chunying PanDepartment of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Yan HuoDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively assess the association between parity and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes among Chinese women, particularly across different age and educational strata, in the context of recent changes in China's birth policy. Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study analyzed data from 451,002 women who delivered at 22 hospitals in 10 cities of Hebei Province, China, between 2013 and 2022. Participants were categorized into three parity groups: the nulliparous (parity = 0) group, primiparous (parity = 1) group, and multiparous (parity ≥ 2) group. Temporal trends in parity composition and maternal age were analyzed using a joinpoint regression analysis to identify significant transition points. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the independent associations between parity and adverse outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders. Subgroup analyses were conducted by maternal age and educational level to examine effect modifications. Results: From 2013 to 2022, the proportion of multiparous (parity ≥ 2) women and the average maternal age at delivery increased significantly. The joinpoint analysis revealed notable transitions approximately in 2017 in parity composition and in 2019 for maternal age trends among multiparous women, coinciding with major policy changes. After adjusting for confounders, higher parity (compared to nulliparity) was associated with increased risks of anemia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), placenta previa, preterm delivery, macrosomia, stillbirth, and neonatal death ( Conclusion: The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes varies significantly by parity, and these relationships are further modified by maternal age and educational level. Tailored prenatal strategies considering parity, age, and education are essential to mitigate risks and improve maternal and neonatal health.

Indexed as

cross-sectional studymaternal outcomesneonatal outcomesparitypregnancy outcomes

Identifiers

PMID41368317
PMCPMC12682818

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.