Evidence mapPaperPMID 41368669Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

Respiratory symptom burden, vaccination coverage, and preventive health practices among Sudanese Hajj pilgrims who traveled by sea.

Najim Z Alshahrani, Mohammed R Algethami, Abdulrahman M Albeshry, Zuhier Awan, Wael Alzhrani, Bashaier Ahmed Fairaq, Harunor Rashid

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Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Najim Z AlshahraniDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed R AlgethamiDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman M AlbeshryDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Zuhier AwanCollege of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Wael AlzhraniPopulation Health Management, Jeddah First Health Cluster, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Bashaier Ahmed FairaqPopulation Health Management, Makkah Health Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Harunor RashidChildren's Hospital Westmead Clinical School and Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The risk of respiratory infections amplifies at Hajj. Pilgrims who travel by sea may face an elevated risk of such infections; however, contemporary Hajj literature offers limited data on this subgroup. This study assessed respiratory symptom burden, vaccination coverage, and preventive practices among Sudanese pilgrims who traveled to the 2025 Hajj by sea. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among Sudanese Hajj pilgrims who reached Saudi Arabia by sea. Data were collected using a structured, pilot-tested questionnaire covering demographics, medical history, preventive practices, awareness, and symptom experiences. Statistical analysis included descriptive measures, chi-square tests, correlations, and logistic regression to identify predictors of adherence to health recommendations. Results: A total of 370 pilgrims aged 25 to 87 years were recruited, comprising 114 (30.8%) men and 256 (69.2%) women. About 60.5% reported at least one health symptom, with muscle/body aches, cough and sore throat being the leading complaints. Symptom burden was significantly higher among older pilgrims, males, individuals with chronic conditions, and those with prior Hajj experience ( Conclusion: These findings suggest that Sudanese pilgrims who travel by sea generally comply with mandatory preventive measures, but show lower adherence to non-mandatory ones, leaving them vulnerable to infections. Strengthening structured pre-travel health education and ensuring equitable access to vaccinations could significantly improve their health outcomes.

Indexed as

IslamRespiratory Tract InfectionsTravelVaccinationVaccination CoverageAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansMaleMiddle AgedSaudi ArabiaSudanHajjinfluenzamass gatheringpreventive health practicesrespiratory symptomssea travelSudanese pilgrimsvaccination

Identifiers

PMID41368669
PMCPMC12682759

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.