ArticleJournal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN2025
EEG microstate and functional connectivity analyses for differentiating suicide attempt from suicidal ideation in major depressive disorder.
Article in Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundSuicide remains a critical public health issue, with self-report-based clinical assessments often failing to detect imminent risk. This study aimed to identify objective electroencephalography (EEG)-based neurobiological markers for differentiating a suicide attempt (SA) from suicidal ideation (SI) using EEG microstate and microstate-based functional connectivity (FC) analyses.
methodsFrom 2017 to 2020, this study enrolled 130 medication-naïve major depressive disorder patients (68 SA, evaluated within 7 days of the attempt; 62 SI) at Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital. Resting-state EEG data were analyzed using microstate analysis to explore temporal dynamics of brain topography and microstate-based FC to assess connectivity in theta, alpha, and beta bands. Correlations between EEG features and psychological measures (e.g., suicidal ideation, depression, emotion regulation) were examined.
resultsCompared with the SI group, the SA group showed a marginally lower frequency of occurrence for microstates A (auditory/language processing) and B (visual processing) ( LIMITATIONS: Findings are limited by potential physiological confounds in the SA group and by the limited anatomical specificity inherent in sensor-space EEG analysis.
conclusionEEG microstate dynamics and microstate-based FC differ between patients with SA and SI. Specifically, enhanced alpha-band connectivity during microstate E in the SA group potentially reflects condition-specific DMN functions. These EEG-based measures show promise as objective markers that complement clinical suicide risk assessment and inform early intervention strategies.
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