ArticleJournal of epidemiology and global health2025
Longitudinal Analysis of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children during and after COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Shifts in Seasonality and Disease Burden.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and global health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundNon-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) against COVID-19 globally altered RSV seasonality, yet longitudinal evidence on age-specific severity changes remains scarce in China.
methodsIn this hospital-based surveillance study, 20,305 children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) were enrolled. RSV was detected via RT-PCR across three phases: pre-pandemic (2017-2019), NPIs implementation (2020-2022), and post-NPIs (2023-2024).
resultsRSV positivity varied significantly between phases (p < 0.001), peaking at 38.85% (742/1,910) in 2021. Seasonal peaks shifted from winter (pre-pandemic) to spring (post-NPIs). The disease burden shifted toward infants aged 7-12 months (38.92%, 845/2,171 vs. 20.55%, 200/973 pre-pandemic; p < 0.001). Notably, mechanical ventilation was required in 8.00% (4/50) and 5.71% (2/35) of severe pneumonia cases aged 13-36 months during Phases II and III, respectively, whereas no cases were recorded pre-pandemic (0/14; p > 0.05).
conclusionNPIs fundamentally reshaped RSV epidemiology, inducing seasonal shifts and redirecting disease burden toward older infants experiencing delayed primary infection due to "immune debt."
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