Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41374589›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Image Sensing for Motorcycle Active Safety Warning System: Using YOLO and Heuristic Weighting Mechanism.

Yaw-Jen Chang, Ming-Cheng Hsu, Wen-Yung Liang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yaw-Jen ChangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan.
Ming-Cheng HsuDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan.
Wen-Yung LiangDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung Li District, Taoyuan City 320314, Taiwan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper presents an active safety warning system for two-wheeled motorcycles that integrates YOLO v4 image recognition technology with a heuristic weighting mechanism (HWM) model to calculate risk scores and thus alert riders. The system's analytical core is based on the NVIDIA Jetson TX2 module, with a camera mounted on the left-side rearview mirror of the motorcycle. YOLO is used to identify the type of approaching vehicle and measure the distance between the vehicle and the motorcycle. Moreover, the HWM model takes inputs such as vehicle type, spacing between the motorcycle and the vehicle, motorcycle speed, and distance from the intersection to generate potential risk scores. After training, the YOLO model for vehicle recognition achieved a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 92.78% at an Intersection over Union (IoU) threshold of 0.5. Additionally, the camera mounted at a 30° angle could clearly capture vehicles approaching from the left rear side of the motorcycle, achieving the highest vehicle recognition rate. Moreover, the HWM model generates a reasonable risk score to advise the rider to decelerate when the motorcycle is traveling at high speed with a vehicle approaching from behind, thereby reducing the risk of an accident and enhancing the safety of the motorcyclist.

Indexed as

heuristic weighting mechanism (HWM)image recognitionmotorcycleYOLO

Identifiers

PMID41374589
PMCPMC12694274

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.