ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Changes in Resveratrol Containing Phytosterol Liposomes During Model Heating.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Correction: Igielska-Kalwat et al. Changes in Resveratrol Containing Phytosterol Liposomes During Model Heating.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPhytosterols are bioactive lipids susceptible to oxidation, particularly under thermal stress. Incorporation into liposomes may enhance their stability, while resveratrol-a natural antioxidant-could further limit thermal degradation. Stigmasterol esters, which contain fatty acid residues prone to oxidation, require additional characterization to understand their behavior under heating.
methodsLiposomes composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) were enriched with free stigmasterol (ST), stigmasteryl myristate (ME), or stigmasteryl oleate (OE), with or without resveratrol (RES). Liposomal systems were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential, and hydrodynamic diameter analyses. Samples were heated at 60 °C and 180 °C for 8 h to evaluate stigmasterol degradation, oxyphytosterol (SOP) formation, and decomposition of fatty acid residues in the esters.
resultsLiposomes remained structurally stable at 60 °C but underwent marked alterations at 180 °C. ST formed the smallest particles, while ME and OE systems exhibited larger hydrodynamic diameters. Incorporation of resveratrol enhanced thermal and oxidative stability, reducing stigmasterol degradation (7.73-18.86% at 60 °C; 29.66-35.28% at 180 °C) and limiting SOP formation. Differences in the breakdown of myristic versus oleic acid residues highlighted the role of fatty acid type in determining thermal resistance.
conclusionsResveratrol effectively improves the stability of liposomes containing stigmasterol or its esters and mitigates oxidative damage under thermal stress. Protective effects were particularly evident at moderate temperatures, indicating the potential of resveratrol-phytosterol liposomes as thermally stable delivery systems.
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Registered trials
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