Evidence mapPaperPMID 41375628Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2025

Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Kidney Disease: The Future Is Being Surpassed.

Alberto Martínez-Castelao, José Luis Górriz, Beatriz Fernández-Fernández, María José Soler, Juan F Navarro-González

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Alberto Martínez-CastelaoNephrology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Hospitalet, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3889-5578
José Luis GórrizServicio de Nefrología, INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1134-9051
Beatriz Fernández-FernándezGEENDIAB (Grupo Español de Estudio de la Nefropatía Diabética), Sociedad Española de Nefrología (S.E.N.), 39008 Santander, Spain.
María José SolerGEENDIAB-S.E.N., 39008 Santander, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3621-0766
Juan F Navarro-GonzálezGEENDIAB-S.E.N., 39008 Santander, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-5015-7474

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to be a global world health problem. Despite medical advances, both DM and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain global health issues with high mortality and limited options to prevent end-stage renal failure. Current therapies encompass five classes of drugs: (1) angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (AIIRB); (2) sodium-glucose-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors; (3) glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA); and (4) an antagonist of type 1 endothelin receptor (ET1R) with proven efficacy to reduce albuminuria and proteinuria. (5) The mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) finerenone has been tested in RCTs as a kidney protective agent. In our review, we summarize many of the principal trials that have generated evidence in this regard. Many novel agents-many of them proven not only for DM management but also for the treatment of obesity with or without DM or heart failure (HF)-are now in development and may be added to the five classical pillars: other non-steroidal MRA (balcinrenone); aldosterone synthase inhibitors (baxdrostat and vicadrostat); other GLP-1 RA (tirzepatide, survodutide, retatrutide, and cagrilintide); ET1 R antagonists, (zibotentan); and soluble guanylate cyclase activators (avenciguat). These new agents aim to slow disease progression further and reduce cardiovascular risk. Future strategies rely on integrated, patient-centered approaches and personalized therapy to curb renal disease and its related complications.

Indexed as

chronic kidney diseasediabetes mellitusdiabetic kidney diseasenew hypoglycemic agentsobesity

Identifiers

PMID41375628
PMCPMC12693365

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.