Evidence mapPaperPMID 41377442Full record

ReviewAnnals of medicine and surgery (2012)2025

A narrative review on artificial intelligence in neurosurgery: ethical challenges and implementation considerations.

Tirath Patel, Hamza Yousuf Ibrahim, Fathimathul Henna, Fatima Nasir, Abbas Hussain, Rahma Naveed, Aziz Ur Rehman, Syeda Ramish Zehra Kazmi, Bhumi Daishik Patel, Nikhilesh Anand and 1 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of medicine and surgery (2012), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tirath PatelDepartment of Neurosurgery, Trinity Medical Sciences University School of Medicine, Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
Hamza Yousuf IbrahimDepartment of Surgery, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Fathimathul HennaDepartment of Surgery, Dubai Medical College for Girls, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Fatima NasirDepartment of Surgery, Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Abbas HussainDepartment of Surgery, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Rahma NaveedDepartment of Surgery, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Aziz Ur RehmanDepartment of Surgery, Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Syeda Ramish Zehra KazmiDepartment of Surgery, Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Bhumi Daishik PatelDepartment of Surgery, Windsor University School of Medicine, Cayon, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Nikhilesh AnandDepartment of Medical Education, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, United States of America.
Richard M MillisDepartment of Pathophysiology, American University of Antigua, Saint John, Antigua and Barbuda.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing neurosurgery by enhancing diagnostic precision, surgical planning, and postoperative management. However, its integration raises ethical concerns related to bias, privacy, accountability, and the potential dehumanization of healthcare. This review focuses on navigating these challenges while maximizing AI's potential in improving patient care. Methodology: A narrative review was conducted by identifying studies from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. The search utilized the following keywords: "artificial intelligence," "neurosurgery," "machine learning," "data privacy," "robotic surgery," "ethics," and "bias." The review primarily focused on issues of dataset bias, data privacy, and the need for transparency and accountability in clinical decision-making. Results and critical insights: AI significantly improves diagnostic accuracy and the management of neurological conditions; however, it also poses risks, such as exacerbating healthcare disparities and compromising patient data security. Recommended strategies include the development of ethical frameworks, inclusion of diverse datasets, and fostering surgeon-AI collaboration to ensure equitable outcomes. Conclusion: AI holds immense promise in enhancing neurosurgical diagnostics, surgical planning, and postoperative care. Nonetheless, its responsible integration demands robust ethical and regulatory frameworks that prioritize patient safety, transparency, and equity. Interdisciplinary collaboration and continuous real-world validation remain essential to address ongoing clinical and ethical challenges as AI technologies evolve.

Indexed as

artificial intelligenceethicsimplementationneurosurgery

Identifiers

PMID41377442
PMCPMC12688860

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.