Evidence mapPaperPMID 41378340Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in global women's health2025

Depression and anxiety among women with polycystic ovarian syndrome in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Atimi Atinga, Hameed Akande Bashiru, Abiola Olajumoke Solomon, Oziegbe Oghide, Iyanu Adufe, Posi Emmanuel Aduroja, Adebukunola Olajumoke Afolabi, Ayobami Adebayo Bakare, Oluwaseyi Isaiah Olabisi, Philemon Paul Mshelia and 7 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in global women's health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Atimi AtingaDepartment of Public Health Technology, Taraba State College of Health Technology, Takum, Nigeria.
Hameed Akande BashiruDepartment of Animal Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Abiola Olajumoke SolomonDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Eko University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Lagos, Nigeria.
Oziegbe OghideAccident & Emergency Department, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
Iyanu AdufeDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Osun State University, Osun, Nigeria.
Posi Emmanuel AdurojaDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
Adebukunola Olajumoke AfolabiDepartment of Nursing Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Ayobami Adebayo BakareDepartment of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
Oluwaseyi Isaiah OlabisiDepartment of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing Sciences, College of Health Science, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria.
Philemon Paul MsheliaDept. of Physiology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria.
Amaka Harry OnonujuDepartment of Human Kinetics and Health Education, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Amuchechukwu Veronica NwaforDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Ayokunmi Stephen OlusaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Oluchukwu Perpetual OkekeNigerian Institute of Medical Research Foundation, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Folahanmi Tomiwa AkinsoluDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Basic Medical and Health Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo, Nigeria.
Olunike Rebecca AbodunrinCenter for Reproduction and Population Studies, Clinical Sciences Department, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
Olajide Odunayo SobandeNigerian Institute of Medical Research Foundation, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Increasing evidence links Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with adverse mental health outcomes, particularly depression and anxiety. These challenges may be amplified in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to limited awareness, restricted healthcare access, and sociocultural stigma. Objectives: To estimate the pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety among women of reproductive age with PCOS in LMICs and to examine clinical factors associated with these outcomes. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO CRD420251069068), we systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL for studies published between January 2005 and June 2025. Eligible studies included observational research reporting the prevalence of depression and/or anxiety in women aged 15-49 years with clinically diagnosed PCOS and assessed using validated tools. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses explored variations by study design, age, body mass index (BMI), country, and assessment tools. Heterogeneity was quantified with the I² statistic, and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger's test. Study quality was evaluated with the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Results: From 3,860 records, 40 studies met the inclusion criteria. All were rated low risk of bias (quality scores 75%-100%). The pooled prevalence of depression was 51% (95% CI: 43-59; I² = 97%), and anxiety was 45% (95% CI: 36-54; I² = 96%). The highest prevalence was observed among women aged 20-25 years (depression: 63%; anxiety: 56%) and in studies conducted in India (depression: 55%; anxiety: 51%). Clinical features such as infertility, hirsutism, and acne showed non-significant associations with depression or anxiety. No publication bias was detected. Conclusion: Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent among women with PCOS in LMICs, affecting nearly half of this population. These findings underscore the urgent need for integrating routine mental health screening and culturally tailored interventions into PCOS management in resource-limited settings. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD420251069068.

Indexed as

endocrine disordermental health disordermeta-analysispolycystic ovary syndromepsychological distresswomen health

Identifiers

PMID41378340
PMCPMC12685914

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.