Evidence mapPaperPMID 41379387Full record

ArticleInternational urology and nephrology2026

Ferroptosis-related proteins ALOX15 and HMOX1 are upregulated and associated with inflammation in patients with diabetic nephropathy: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Wei Zhao, Yuxin Liu, Chao Zhang, Kaifa Luo, Panpan Liu, Jinghua Wang, Xudong Huang, Yunshuang Chen, Guangli Wu, Xinjun Yang and 1 more

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Article in International urology and nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Wei ZhaoDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Yuxin LiuDepartment of Nephrology, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, No. 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Chao ZhangDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Kaifa LuoDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Panpan LiuDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Jinghua WangDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Xudong HuangDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Yunshuang ChenDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Guangli WuDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
Xinjun YangDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China. YangXinJun_10@outlook.com.
Lihui WangDepartment of Nephrology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, No. 398 Zhongshan West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei, People's Republic of China. Wanglihui_111@outlook.com.

Funding

the 2022 Hebei Medical Science Research Project 20220226
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo delineate the renal expression of ferroptosis-driving proteins ALOX15 and HMOX1 in DN and to determine their relationship with intra-renal inflammatory activity.

methodsIn this prospective, single-centre cross-sectional study, 150 consecutive biopsy-proven DN patients and 150 age- and sex-matched type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) controls without nephropathy were enrolled between April 2021 and April 2025. After identifying the intersection of ferroptosis- and DN-related transcriptomic signatures by integrative bioinformatics, Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment was performed. Demographics, routine biochemistry and concurrent inflammatory indices were captured. Serum concentrations of ALOX15, HMOX1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were quantified in duplicate by validated high-sensitivity ELISA.

resultsCompared with T2DM controls, DN patients exhibited a longer diabetes duration, higher fasting plasma glucose (FBG), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and a markedly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (all P < 0.05). Circulating ALOX15 and HMOX1 were significantly elevated in DN (both P < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression identified increased Scr, UACR, ALOX15 and HMOX1, together with reduced eGFR, as independent risk factors for DN (all P < 0.05). ROC analysis revealed AUCs of 0.750, 0.726 and 0.881 for ALOX15 alone, HMOX1 alone and their combination, respectively, in predicting DN. Both ferroptosis markers correlated positively with IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α (all P < 0.001).

conclusionALOX15 and HMOX1 are markedly up-regulated in DN and tightly linked to systemic inflammation. Their combined quantification offers robust diagnostic performance and positions these ferroptosis executors as candidate therapeutic targets for early interception of DN.

Indexed as

Arachidonate 12-LipoxygenaseArachidonate 15-LipoxygenaseDiabetic NephropathiesFerroptosisHeme Oxygenase-1InflammationCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesUp-RegulationALOX15 protein, humanArachidonate 12-LipoxygenaseArachidonate 15-LipoxygenaseHeme Oxygenase-1HMOX1 protein, humanALOX15Diabetic nephropathyHMOX1Inflammatory cytokinesType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41379387

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.