ArticleOncology2026
Development of a Rule-Based Knowledge Base for Digitalization of Standard Operating Procedures on Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer.
Article in Oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
<p>Introduction: Traditional text-based standard operating procedures (SOPs) have limitations in today's data-rich environment, as they provide limited support for automated reasoning, contextual guidance, and real-time clinical decision-making. We developed a rule-based knowledge base to overcome these challenges through digitalization of SOPs on breast cancer radiotherapy.
methodsWe designed and developed a web application with a relational database structured around common data elements, a rule-based inference engine, and a responsive user interface (UI). The system's information retrieval success was evaluated in a single-center study over 14 months, where nine radiation oncologists submitted clinical queries and provided feedback on the relevance of the results.
resultsThe knowledge base incorporated 103 specific information entries covering 8 main topics, structured around critical clinicopathological features such as tumor stage, receptor status, grading, and lymphovascular invasion. During a 14-month testing period, nine radiation oncologists submitted 62 distinct clinical queries (e.g., determining boost indication for a patient of certain age and tumor situation). Of these queries, 56.5% were successfully answered as indicated by the user. Analysis of unsuccessful queries revealed that the information was mostly present but inaccessible due to user experience issues.
conclusionOur rule-based knowledge base demonstrates the feasibility of transforming static SOPs into interactive, evidence-linked resources. While promising, substantial user experience barriers remain. Future enhancements will prioritize UI improvements, sustainable knowledge-updating mechanisms, and AI integration to strengthen the system for practical use. </p>.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.