Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41379794›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Statistical approaches for service delivery differentials as assessed through a composite indicator: Application to Ugandan local governments.

Hillary Muhanguzi, Francesca Bassi, Yeko Mwanga, James Wokadala

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Hillary MuhanguziDepartment of Statistical Methods and Actuarial Sciences, Makerere University, Uganda.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9843-1579
Francesca BassiDepartment of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3257-7029
Yeko MwangaSchool of Statistics and Planning, Makerere University, Uganda.
James WokadalaSchool of Statistics and Planning, Makerere University, Uganda.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study assesses differentials in service delivery among Ugandan local governments through a composite indicator that consolidates essential performance data from the education, health, and water sectors. The composite indicator scores as an outcome variable and it is modeled against probable determinants using beta regression, generalized additive models (GAMs) and random forest regression approaches. Beta regression, is a parametric approach, which includes varying precision parameters, is effective for modelling bounded data such as composite indicators, whereas random forest regression, as a non-parametric approach, emphasizes the relative importance of predictors. On the other hand, GAMs are semi-parametric, and bring to the fore non-linear covariate effects employing splines. Employing the minimax transformation, equal weighting and multiplicative aggregation, the composite indicator of service delivery scores varied from 0.25 to below 0.60 (on a scale of 0-1), with a substantial number of local governments scoring below 0.5. The findings reveal budgetary constraints, fragmentation at sub-county level, and geographical challenges in terms of distance from the capital city as significant obstacles to service delivery at local government level. The predictive accuracy of the three approaches as determined through the mean square error (RMSE) were found to be comparable (RMSE ≈0.05; MAE ≈ 0.042), suggesting that these approaches, grounded in contextualized theoretical frameworks, are effective in assessing service delivery outcomes and may therefore be employed in similar studies after careful consideration of the analytical objective. The study recommends broadening the range of service dimensions and predictors to develop a more relatable composite indicator. Given the group structures present in the predictors, employing grouped regression within the framework of beta regression modeling is advisable to provide a more robust and efficient modeling strategy.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health CareLocal GovernmentHumansModels, StatisticalRegression AnalysisUganda

Identifiers

PMID41379794
PMCPMC12698004

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.