Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41380114›Full record

Trial reportNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2026

Linda Chang, Huajun Liang, Thomas Ernst, Eric Cunningham, Jeremy Wang, Julian Baptiste, Gro C C Lohaugen

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Linda ChangDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-1267-0699
Huajun LiangDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Thomas ErnstDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0003-1211-7655
Eric CunninghamDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.ORCID 0000-0002-8683-0923
Jeremy WangDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Julian BaptisteDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Gro C C LohaugenDepartment of Pediatrics, Sorlandet Hospital HF, Arendal, Norway.ORCID 0000-0003-0179-7245

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesWorking memory training (WMT) has been shown to improve WM in healthy older adults, patients with mild cognitive impairment, and individuals with HIV, including improvements in WM network efficiency. This randomized study explored near-transfer and far-transfer effects of WMT and examined whether

methodsParticipants were recruited from local communities. After screening and baseline evaluation, participants were randomized to either 25 sessions of adaptive or nonadaptive WMT (as an active control) over 5-8 weeks. Nontrained near-transfer WM tests, far-transfer tests, and self-reported executive functioning were performed at baseline, 1-month, and 6-month follow-ups. Genotyping included

resultsA total of 107 participants (60 with HIV, 47 SN) completed adaptive WMT, and 70 active controls (36 with HIV, 34 SN) completed nonadaptive WMT. Overall, 96 adaptive WMT participants and 68 active controls completed the 1-month follow-up while 77 adaptive WMT participants and 37 active controls completed the 6-month follow-up. Adaptive WMT led to higher improvement indices in SN participants than in the HIV group (training*HIV serostatus: DISCUSSION: Adaptive WMT improved near-transfer WM, far-transfer performance, and self-reported executive functioning in all participants, but more sustained effects among participants with HIV. These findings suggest that adaptive WMT can be an effective adjunctive therapy for cognitive deficits in PWH, especially in those with CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV evidence that adaptive WMT improves near-transfer WM, far-transfer performance, and self-reported executive functioning in patients with or without HIV, regardless of

Indexed as

Apolipoprotein E4Cognitive DysfunctionCognitive TrainingHIV InfectionsLIM-Homeodomain ProteinsMemory, Short-TermTransfer, PsychologyAdultAgedCognitive RemediationFemaleGenotypeHumansMaleMiddle AgedOutcome Assessment, Health CareApolipoprotein E4LIM-Homeodomain ProteinsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID41380114
PMCPMC12700655

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.