Trial reportBMJ open2025
Efficacy of an acute bout of isometric wall squat exercise on pain sensitivity and clinical pain intensity in adults with knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial in outpatient physiotherapy clinics in Saudi Arabia.
Trial report in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05605444 (The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Pain Sensitivity and Clinical Pain in Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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The Effect of an Acute Bout of Exercise on Pain Sensitivity and Clinical Pain in Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the efficacy of two volumes of acute isometric wall squat exercise on pain sensitivity (primary outcome: pressure pain threshold (PPT)) and intensity (secondary outcome) in adults with knee osteoarthritis.
designA parallel-group randomised controlled trial.
settingOutpatient physiotherapy clinics at hospitals in Saudi Arabia.
participantsParticipants (n = 90; mean (SD) age 49.0 (13.0) years) with chronic knee osteoarthritis, diagnosed by a specialist orthopaedic physician using radiographic evidence and clinical judgement, were recruited via two tertiary hospitals in Saudi Arabia.
interventionParticipants were stratified by sex and randomly allocated to one of three groups: isometric single-repetition wall-squat (ISO-SR; one repetition of a 3-min wall squat or to volitional fatigue at a 100° knee joint angle), isometric multiple-repetition wall-squat (ISO-MR; three repetitions of the same intervention) and control (quiet sitting for 7 min). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: PPT was measured at the calf (primary site of interest), lumbar spine and forearm using a pressure algometer. Pain intensity was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Primary analyses compared changes between intervention and control groups. All participants were included in the ITT analysis.
resultsThe ISO-MR group had higher mean PPT ratings immediately postintervention in the calf (mean difference=9.4 (95% CI 5.6 to 13.2), p<0.001), forearm (4.0 (95% CI 1.2 to 6.9), p=0.006) and lumbar spine (5.4 (95% CI 2.4 to 8.4), p<0.001), compared with control. The ISO-SR group reported a greater increase in PPT when compared with control at the calf (5.8 (95% CI 2.0 to 9.6), p=0.003) and lumbar spine (3.7 (95% CI 0.7 to 6.8), p=0.015). There were no differences in clinical pain intensity between the groups.
conclusionsBoth the ISO-SR and ISO-MR exercises to volitional fatigue reduced pain sensitivity in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Neither exercise volume changed clinical pain intensity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov registry (ID: NCT05605444).
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