ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2025
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Ocular Diseases: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives.
Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Harnessing exosomes in dry eye disease: a triple threat approach.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Pooled it
- When Macrophages Heal and When They Scar: Timing in Corneal Fibrosis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ocular diseases represent a major and increasing public health concern. Although current treatment options are available, the management of complex cases, such as corneal diseases, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and uveitis, remains inadequate. Recent studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos), obtained from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord, have emerged as a promising cell-free therapeutic platform for various ocular diseases. These nanovesicles can be delivered via systems such as topical eye drops and intravitreal injection, targeting ocular tissues to exert anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and tissue-repairing effects. This review systematically synthesizes recent advances and the molecular mechanisms underlying the use of MSC-Exos in treating ocular diseases. Moreover, it provides an in-depth discussion of the challenges in the clinical application of MSC-Exos in ophthalmology, including standardized production, dosage optimization, delivery system improvement, and targeting enhancement, and proposes engineered targeting strategies based on surface modification and carrier optimization. Overall, this work establishes a rigorous framework for advancing MSC-Exos from experimental models to clinical implementation, offering novel therapeutic strategies through these innovative biopharmaceuticals for previously untreatable ocular conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.