Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41384338›Full record

ArticleHuman brain mapping2025

Sex Similarities and Differences in Brain Dynamic Functional Connectivity Among Individuals With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Xue'er Ma, Matthew K Belmonte, Yueye Zhao, Jingjing Zhao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human brain mapping, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Xue'er MaShaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
Matthew K BelmonteThe Com DEALL Trust, Bangalore, India.
Yueye ZhaoShaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
Jingjing ZhaoDepartment of Psychology and Brain and Mind Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9000-6227

Funding

National Social Science Fund of China 24XYY030
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Given the historical underrepresentation of autistic females in neuroscience research, few neuroimaging studies have directly compared females and males with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to explore both sex-independent and -specific neural features. This study employed a sliding-window approach to construct dynamic functional connectivity and investigated sex similarities and differences in modular variability (nodal level), edge variability (edge level), and state variability (brain state level) in brain connectomes among individuals with and without ASD. Ninety-eight autistic individuals (49 female, 49 male; full-scale IQ ≥ 70) and 98 typically developing individuals (TD; 49 female, 49 male), matched on sex, age, and full-scale IQ, were selected from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE). Results showed that both autistic males and females exhibited reduced modular variability in the left middle frontal gyrus and diminished edge variability in the functional connectivity between the right olfactory cortex and the right paracentral lobule, compared to their TD peers. Notably, autistic individuals manifested a sex-opposite shift in the edge variability of functional connectivity between the left amygdala and the right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri. Furthermore, greater autistic symptom severity was associated with reduced maintenance of a high-connectivity brain state characterized by functional competition between the frontal cortex and sensory-perceptual or subcortical regions. These findings reveal both shared and sex-differentiated alterations in connectome dynamics in ASD, with the sex-specific patterns aligning with the gender incoherence model. Understanding these dynamic features may inform more individualized and sex-sensitive educational and social support for individuals with ASD.

Indexed as

Autism Spectrum DisorderBrainConnectomeNerve NetSex CharacteristicsAdolescentAdultChildFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleNeural PathwaysYoung Adultautism spectrum disordersbrain connectomedynamic functional connectivitygender incoherencesex differences

Identifiers

PMID41384338
PMCPMC12699260

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.