Evidence mapPaperPMID 41385238Full record

ArticleIndian journal of ophthalmology2026

Comparison of intraocular pressure measurements with and without fluorescein using Goldmann applanation tonometry.

Ante Krešo, Nora Perišić, Karla Katić, Anita Rančić, Ljubo Znaor

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ante KrešoDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, Split, Croatia.
Nora PerišićPhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation with Rheumatology, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, Split, Croatia.
Karla KatićDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, Split, Croatia.
Anita RančićDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, Split, Croatia.
Ljubo ZnaorDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Split, Spinciceva 1, Split, Croatia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of fluorescein on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements using Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT). The study compared IOP readings with and without fluorescein to determine its influence on measurement accuracy in clinical practice.

methodsThis cross-sectional study included 39 patients (78 eyes). IOP was measured three times under each condition: fluorescein-free with green light and fluorescein-aided with cobalt blue light. The prespecified primary comparison was between the first fluorescein-free reading and the first fluorescein-aided reading, separated by approximately 1 minute (the time needed to apply fluorescein). Statistical analysis (repeated-measures ANOVA for within-series change; Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for paired comparisons) was used to compare measurements, while corneal astigmatism, keratometry, and central corneal thickness were assessed for their potential influence on discrepancies. A sensitivity analysis excluding patients with >3.0 D corneal astigmatism was conducted.

resultsNo significant difference was found between the first fluorescein-free and first fluorescein-aided IOP measurements (Wilcoxon P = 0.75; mean difference +0.04 mmHg). Consecutive measurements showed significant IOP reductions within each group, attributed to mechanical effects of the tonometer (repeated-measures ANOVA P < 0.01). Corneal parameters, including central corneal thickness and keratometry, did not significantly affect the differences. Results were unchanged after excluding patients with >3.0 D astigmatism.

conclusionsFluorescein does not significantly affect IOP measurements using GAT, supporting fluorescein-free measurement as a viable alternative in routine practice. Further research is needed to evaluate its application in cases of high astigmatism or altered corneal geometry.

Indexed as

FluoresceinIntraocular PressureTonometry, OcularAdultAgedCorneaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFluorescent DyesHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsFluoresceinFluorescent DyesCorneal astigmatismfluoresceinglaucomaGoldmann applanation tonometryintraocular pressureophthalmology

Identifiers

PMID41385238
PMCPMC12867305

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.