Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41387936›Full record

ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2025

Dual clinical utility of cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, and glucose index: from advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome pathogenesis to inflammatory-mediated mortality across early-transitional stages.

Benjie Li, Qixian Wang, Zhuoxuan Yu, Yujun Zhang, Jingjing Song, Chunfeng Xie, Jingyang Zhao, Xinxin Liu, Zhigang Jie, Guoyang Zhang

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Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Benjie Li *Department of General Surgery, Jiangxi Medical College, the First affiliated hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Qixian Wang *Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Zhuoxuan Yu *The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Yujun ZhangJiangxi Medical College, Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Jingjing SongDepartment of Urology, Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China.
Chunfeng XieQueen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Jingyang ZhaoQueen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Xinxin LiuDepartment of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China.
Zhigang JieDepartment of General Surgery, Jiangxi Medical College, the First affiliated hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. jiezg123@126.com.
Guoyang ZhangDepartment of General Surgery, Jiangxi Medical College, the First affiliated hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China. ndyfy07292@ncu.edu.cn.

Funding

the "Talent 555 Project" of Jiangxi Province 700238003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome represents an emerging notion focused on the interconnection among cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic disorders. The predictive value of the cholesterol-high-density lipoprotein-glucose (CHG) index for advanced CKM syndrome and its stage-stratified mortality risk across stages 0 to 3 remains uncertain. This research aims to examine the clinical importance of the CHG and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) indices in characterizing the development of advanced CKM syndrome and predicting mortality within the 0–3 stage.

methodsWe processed the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2018. Associations were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression for disease progression and Cox models with restricted cubic splines (RCS) for mortality outcomes, accompanied by threshold effect and mediation analyses.

resultsUsing multivariable logistic regression models, we found that both the CHG index and the TyG index are positively related with advanced CKM syndrome. Multivariable-adjusted modeling showed a 44% increase in the threat of all-cause mortality for each 1-unit rise in the CHG index, while no association with cardiovascular mortality was found. RCS analysis revealed a J-curve pattern in the association of the CHG index with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality, with thresholds of 5.16 and 5.27. Mediation analyses identified that alkaline phosphatase, neutrophils, and the systemic immune-inflammatory index mediated between 2.1% and 17.2% of the effect in the relationship between the CHG index and all-cause mortality.

conclusionsThe CHG index demonstrates dual clinical utility: stratifying patients with advanced CKM syndrome and predicting nonlinear mortality across the early progressive continuum (stages 0–3). Its J-shaped association with mortality suggests complex pathophysiological relationships requiring further investigation.

Indexed as

All-cause mortalityCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndromeCardiovascular mortalityCholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, glucose indexTriglyceride-glucose index

Identifiers

PMID41387936
PMCPMC12817459

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.