ArticleBMC infectious diseases2025
Expression and clinical significance of peripheral blood NK cell surface co-signaling molecules in active pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe aim of this study is to elucidate the expression of co-signaling molecules on NK cells following tuberculosis (TB) infection.
methodsWe analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls (HC), individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Using full-spectrum multi-parametric flow cytometry, we assessed the distribution of co-signaling molecules on the surface of NK cells, both without and with stimulation with tuberculosis-specific antigens ESAT6 and CFP10. 7 inhibitory receptors, and 6 co-stimulatory receptors were analyzed.
resultsThe proportion of NK cells was significantly higher in the LTBI individuals compared to HC (P = 0.0199) and TB patients (P = 0.0027). In the absence of tuberculosis-specific antigen stimulation, the expression of TIGIT and TIM-3 were higher in the LTBI group compared to the TB group (P = 0.0128, P = 0.0340). The expression of CD160 in the TB group was significantly lower than in the HC and LTBI individuals (P = 0.0042, P = 0.0124). Upon stimulation with tuberculosis-specific antigens, the expression of OX40 was markedly elevated in LTBI and TB compared to HC (LTBI vs. HC, P = 0.0031; TB vs. HC, P = 0.0493), and the expression of CRTAM in the TB group was obviously higher than in HC (P = 0.0192).
conclusionExpression of co-signaling molecules on NK cells, including TIGIT, TIM-3, CD160, OX40, and CRTAM, was altered following TB infection. Our findings may provide potential targets for host-directed immunotherapy and novel vaccine development for TB. CLINICAL TRIAL: Not applicable.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.