Evidence mapPaperPMID 41388639Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors among older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in British Columbia.

Hanin Harbi, Gregory Carney, Colin Dormuth, Jacob Volmer Stidsen, Iliana Lega, Lisa M McCarthy, Guillaume Grenet, Anshula Ambasta, Raha Eskandari, Anton Pottegård and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Hanin HarbiClinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0004-3776-6541
Gregory CarneyDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Colin DormuthDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Jacob Volmer StidsenSteno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Iliana LegaWomen's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4816-2589
Lisa M McCarthyWomen's College Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Guillaume GrenetDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Anshula AmbastaDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0211-8654
Raha EskandariDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Anton PottegårdClinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-9314-5679
Wade ThompsonDepartment of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8268-4092

Funding

British Columbia Ministry of Health
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsClinical guidelines recommend sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and established or high risk of cardiorenal disease. This study examined real-world SGLT2i use patterns among older adults with T2DM in British Columbia, Canada. MATERIALS AND

methodsWe conducted a drug utilisation study on all individuals aged ≥75 years with T2DM in British Columbia between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2023, using administrative healthcare databases. We examined prevalence, incidence, characteristics of incident users, and discontinuation.

resultsThe prevalence of SGLT2i use increased gradually from 2.0% in the first half of 2016 to 14% in the second half of 2022, then more sharply to 21% in the second half of 2023, with comparable prevalence in individuals with and without cardiorenal disease (20% vs. 22% in 2023). SGLT2i initiation increased from 1.3 to 2.8 per 1000 individuals between 2016 and 2022, spiked to 5.4 per 1000 individuals in January 2023, and then stabilised. Of the 14 320 SGLT2i initiators between 2021 and 2023, 62% had cardiorenal disease, most used other glucose-lowering drugs concomitantly (particularly metformin [68%], sulfonylureas [39%], and insulins [19%]), and 62% were started on treatment by a general practitioner. Additionally, 17% discontinued treatment within a year.

conclusionsSGLT2i use among older adults with T2DM in British Columbia increased steadily from 2016 to 2022, followed by a spike in 2023, aligned with the expansion in publicly funded drug coverage. By the end of 2023, around one in five used SGLT2is, regardless of cardiorenal disease status.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsAgedAged, 80 and overBritish ColumbiaDrug UtilizationFemaleHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMalePrevalenceHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitorsdrug utilisationglucose‐lowering drugsolder adultssodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitorstype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41388639
PMCPMC12890734

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.