Evidence mapPaperPMID 41389092Full record

SynthesisHeart failure reviews2025

Urine sodium-guided diuresis in acute heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety.

Abdul Mueez Alam Kayani, Alan Garcia, Muhammad Affan Rashid, Thomas Fretz, Muhammad Faiq Umar, Ricky E Lemus-Zamora, Marat Fudim, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
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In one paragraph

Synthesis in Heart failure reviews, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Abdul Mueez Alam KayaniDepartment of Internal Medicine, AdventHealth Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA. mueez_alam@outlook.com.
Alan GarciaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Muhammad Affan RashidDepartment of Internal Medicine, AdventHealth Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA.
Thomas FretzDepartment of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Muhammad Faiq UmarDepartment of Internal Medicine, AdventHealth Tampa, Tampa, FL, USA.
Ricky E Lemus-ZamoraDepartment of Internal Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Marat FudimDivision of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Muhammad Shahzeb KhanDepartment of Cardiology, Baylor Scott and White, Dallas, TX, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAcute heart failure (AHF) is a leading cause of hospitalization among older adults and is associated with high rates of rehospitalization and mortality. Intravenous diuretics are the cornerstone of treatment, but diuretic response is highly variable. Spot urine sodium measurement has emerged as a novel tool to guide diuretic titration. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of urine sodium-guided diuresis (USGD) compared to standard of care (SOC) in AHF.

methodsOnline databases were searched. Outcomes included 48-hour natriuresis, 48-hour diuresis, 48-hour weight loss, length of stay (LOS), all-cause mortality, heart failure (HF) rehospitalization, acute kidney injury (AKI), hypotension and hypokalemia. These were reported as risk ratio (RR) for categorical outcomes and mean difference (MD) for continuous outcomes with a random effects model using 95% confidence intervals (CI).

resultsFive studies with 920 patients were selected. USGD was associated with an increased 48-hour natriuresis (MD = 139.13 mmol [95% CI: 4.84, 273.43], p = 0.047) and diuresis (MD = 1.12 L [95% CI: 0.09, 2.15], p = 0.043) and a lower risk of AKI (RR = 0.51 [95% CI: 0.27, 0.97], p = 0.039). There were no significant differences in 48-hour weight loss (MD = 0.45 kg), LOS (MD=-0.38 days), all-cause mortality (RR = 0.93), HF rehospitalization (RR = 0.91), hypotension (RR = 1.06), or hypokalemia (RR = 0.97).

conclusionUSGD was associated with an increased 48-hour natriuresis and diuresis and a lower risk of AKI compared to SOC in AHF. However, there was no difference in 48-hour weight loss, LOS, all-cause mortality, HF rehospitalization, hypotension, or hypokalemia. While USGD improved short-term natriuresis and renal safety endpoints, further randomized trials are needed to determine optimal urine sodium thresholds and long-term outcomes.

Indexed as

DiuresisDiureticsHeart FailureSodiumAcute DiseaseHumansTreatment OutcomeDiureticsSodiumAcute Heart Failure (AHF)DiureticsHeart failure rehospitalizationSpot urine sodiumUrine sodium guided diuresis

Identifiers

PMID41389092

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.