ReviewPediatric cardiology2026
Enhancing Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Complex Congenital Heart Disease: The Role of Spirometry, Body Composition, and Handgrip Strength.
Review in Pediatric cardiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Risk Factors Associated with Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation and Prolonged Postoperative Hospital Stay after Ozaki Procedure for Pediatric Aortic Valve Diseases.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Frequency and Progression of Lung Disease Patterns in Patients with Fontan and Tetralogy of Fallot.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Perioperative Factors Associated with Delayed Extubation After the Ross Procedure for Aortic Regurgitation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a cornerstone of functional assessment in congenital heart disease (CHD), yet there are additional important contributors to exercise limitation that are not directly measured by CPET. This narrative review highlights the complementary utility of spirometry, body composition analysis, and evaluation of handgrip strength in augmenting our understanding of functional capacity in CHD. Spirometry provides insights into restrictive lung disease patterns prevalent in post-surgical CHD populations; body composition analysis, especially lean mass assessment, can reveal sarcopenia not apparent using BMI alone; and handgrip strength serves as a validated surrogate for overall muscular function and frailty. We propose routine integration of all three testing techniques as complements to CPET protocols to enhance clinical assessment, guide rehabilitation, and support prognostication in pediatric CHD patients. This review advocates for broader adoption and standardization of these measures in clinical settings to improve risk stratification and long-term outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41389132What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.