Prevalence of Self-Reported Diagnoses of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among Post-secondary Students in the U.S.: A Narrative Review.

Yaejin Cha, Justin J Choi, James Aluri

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Current psychiatry reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yaejin ChaJohns Hopkins University, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Justin J ChoiJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

James AluriDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Student Health and Well-Being, 600 N. Wolfe St. Meyer 3-181c, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. jaluri1@jhmi.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewTo investigate the prevalence of self-reported diagnoses of ADHD among U.S. post-secondary students. RECENT

findingsWe identified fifteen empirical studies published in academic journals between 2008 and 2023 that reported ADHD prevalence estimates. These studies had variability in samples and methods and produced a wide range of prevalence estimates-3.4% to 11.2%-and an overall prevalence estimate of 9.1%. We supplemented the academic literature with data from two multi-institutional, annual surveys-the Healthy Minds Study and National College Health Assessment (NCHA III/IIIb). Their prevalence estimates for the 2024-2025 academic year were 14% and 15%, respectively, which reflected significant increases from their 2019-2020 estimates of 4% and 8%. Estimates for the prevalence of ADHD diagnoses vary by data source and method. Multi-institutional, annual surveys suggest an increase in prevalence in recent years. These data might warrant the strengthening of ADHD services provided by campus clinics.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivitySelf ReportStudentsHumansPrevalenceUnited StatesUniversitiesAttention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)College studentsHigher educationPrevalenceUnited States

Identifiers

PMID41389141

DOI10.1136/bmj-2024-083658

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.