Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41389163›Full record

ArticleCell biochemistry and biophysics2026

Sanguinarine Antagonizes NSCLC Through PPARG-Mediated PI3K/AKT Suppression and Autophagic Apoptosis.

Baoyi Zhang, Zhaidong Liu, Huijie Li, Qinglin Jian, Xin Dai

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Cell biochemistry and biophysics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Baoyi ZhangDepartment of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Shandong, Jinan City, China. 71007151@sdutcm.edu.cn.
Zhaidong LiuDepartment of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Shandong, Jinan City, China.
Huijie LiDepartment of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Shandong, Jinan City, China.
Qinglin JianDepartment of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Shandong, Jinan City, China.
Xin DaiDepartment of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Shandong, Jinan City, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Globally, non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) ​continues to be a major contributor to​ deaths from cancer. Sanguinarine (SNG), a naturally occurring benzophenanthridine alkaloid, has demonstrated considerable anti-cancer properties, yet its precise molecular mechanisms in NSCLC remain inadequately defined. Bioinformatic workflows comprised SNG target screening (TCMSP and SEA), acquisition of NSCLC-associated genes (GeneCards and CTD), PPI network assembly (STRING), ​and key target discovery through topological evaluation​ (Cytoscape). Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses ​served to​ analyze target functional/pathway enrichment, while molecular docking validated SNG-core target binding. Experimentally, cell proliferation was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and clonogenic assays. Apoptosis and autophagy were analyzed by flow cytometry, Western blot, and qRT-PCR. Computational pharmacology identified 16 principal molecular targets and emphasized the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. SNG exhibited dose-responsive suppression of cellular viability and clonogenic capacity, alongside induction of apoptosis through BAX and BCL-2 regulation. Mechanistically, SNG triggered cytoprotective autophagy, evidenced by enhanced Beclin-1 expression, LC3-I to LC3-II conversion, and reduced p62 levels. Autophagy suppression markedly attenuated SNG’s anti-tumor activity. Moreover, SNG exhibited high binding affinity to key targets (ANXA5, STAT1, and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARG)). Subsequent PPARG upregulation suppressed this critical oncogenic pathway. SNG exerts anti-neoplastic effects against NSCLC by promoting apoptosis and triggering cytoprotective autophagy, primarily through enhancing PPARG expression to suppress the PI3K-AKT signaling cascade.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsApoptosisAutophagyBenzophenanthridinesCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungIsoquinolinesLung NeoplasmsPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesPPAR gammaProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationHumansMolecular Docking SimulationSignal TransductionAntineoplastic AgentsBenzophenanthridinesIsoquinolinesPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesPPAR gammaPPARG protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktsanguinarineAutophagyNon-small cell lung carcinomaPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated receptor gammaPI3K-AKTSanguinarine

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.