Observational studyChest2026
Factors Influencing Unit-Level Differences in Prevalence of Prematurity-Associated Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in a European Cohort: An Observational Study.
Observational study in Chest, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC)-based therapies for neonatal lung and brain injury - one size fits all?Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- Preventive application of lung growth factors and lack of attenuation of phenotype disruption of lung resident MSC from preterm infants by hyperoxia.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common morbidity of very preterm (VPT) infants born < 32 weeks' gestation with lifelong consequences. Studies document wide variation between regions and units in BPD prevalence. RESEARCH QUESTION: Which unit-level factors contribute to the variation in BPD prevalence among VPT infants in European neonatal units? STUDY DESIGN AND
methodsAnalyses were conducted using the prospective population-based Effective Perinatal Intensive Care in Europe (EPICE) cohort in 19 regions in 11 European countries. We compared prevalence of moderate/severe BPD among VPT infants without severe congenital anomalies in neonatal units with ≥ 40 annual VPT admissions (83 units and 5,285 infants). Unit prevalence was adjusted for individual risk factors using standardized morbidity rates. Spearman correlation and multilevel logistic regression were used to assess associations of BPD with unit-level variables: unit mortality rates, first week oxygen saturation targets, proportion of infants ventilated within the first 24 hours, unit practice of postnatal corticosteroid use for hypotension or BPD prevention, and unit volume.
resultsUnadjusted BPD prevalence ranged from 2% to 47% (median, 13%) between units and was 8% to 42% (median, 17%) after adjustment and standardization. Oxygen saturation targets, proportion of initial mechanical ventilation, and postnatal corticosteroid use partly explained the between-unit variability (proportional change of variance: 25%, 5%, and 17%, respectively), leaving 53% unexplained. Risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality (range, 8%-21%) and patient volume were not correlated with BPD prevalence.
interpretationOur results show that large variability in BPD prevalence exists between European units, which was only partially explained by patient characteristics. Our findings suggest that improving respiratory management for VPT infants could be beneficial for reducing BPD prevalence. The association of unit postnatal corticosteroid use practice with BPD requires further investigation.
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