ArticleMagnetic resonance in medicine2026
Identifying Out-of-Voxel Echoes in Edited MRS With Phase Cycle Inversion.
Article in Magnetic resonance in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Real-time AI integration for MR to detect artifacts and guide pulse sequence adaptations.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Identifying Out-of-Voxel Echoes in Edited MRS With Phase Cycle Inversion.Magnetic resonance in medicine · 2026Article
- Gradient scheme optimization for PRESS-localized edited MRS using weighted pathway suppression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo identify the origin of out-of-voxel (OOV) signals based on the coherence transfer pathway (CTP) formalism using signal phase conferred by the acquisition phase cycling scheme. Knowing the CTP driving OOV artifacts enables optimization of crusher gradients to improve their suppression. THEORY AND
methodsA phase cycle systematically changes the phase of RF pulses across the transients of an experiment, encoding phase shifts into the data that can be used to suppress unwanted CTPs. We present a new approach, phase cycle inversion (PCI), which removes the receiver phase originally applied to the stored transients, replacing it with new receiver phases, matching the phase evolutions associated with each unwanted CTP, to identify the OOV signals. We demonstrated the efficacy of PCI using the MEGA-edited PRESS sequence in simulations, phantom and in vivo experiments at 3T, and for short echo time STEAM at 7T. Based on these findings, the crusher gradient scheme was optimized for a MEGA-edited PRESS sequence.
resultsThe simulation results demonstrated that PCI can fully separate signals originating from different CTPs using a complete phase cycling scheme. PCI effectively identified the CTP responsible for OOV signals in phantom experiments and in vivo, though with reduced specificity in vivo due to phase instabilities. Re-optimization of the gradient scheme based on the identified OOV-associated CTP to suppress these signals, resulted in cleaner spectra.
conclusionPCI can be broadly applied across pulse sequences and voxel locations, making it a flexible and generalizable approach for diagnosing the CTP origin of OOV signals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.