Evidence mapPaperPMID 41394134Full record

ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2025

Silymarin as a phytopharmaceutical agent: advances in mechanistic insights, formulation strategies, and pre-clinical applications.

Mahewish Sayyad, Ashish Dilip Sutar, Kamini Shivhare, Rahul Shukla, Swaran J S Flora

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Mahewish Sayyad *Department of Biotechnology, Priyadarshini College of Engineering, Nagpur, India.
Ashish Dilip Sutar *Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER, Raebareli), Raebareli, India.
Kamini ShivhareDepartment of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER, Raebareli), Raebareli, India.
Rahul ShuklaDepartment of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER, Raebareli), Raebareli, India.
Swaran J S FloraDepartment of Pharmacy, Era Medical College and University, Lucknow, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Silymarin, extracted from the seeds of Silybum marianum (milk thistle), has been utilised in traditional medicine for many years and is recognised for its neuroprotective and hepatoprotective properties. Existing research reveals that silymarin has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, coupled with anti-fibrotic, anti-carcinogenic, neuro-regenerative, and immunomodulatory actions, and has broad therapeutic relevance in both neurological and hepatic disorders, albeit with the drawback of low solubility. Silymarin participates in multiple molecular and cellular pathways to show its therapeutic effect. Nanocarriers are a promising solution to silymarin's low solubility and limited bioavailability, aiming to enhance targeted delivery to the central nervous system and hepatic tissue. These developments position silymarin as a multi-domain phytopharmaceutical with significant translational potential. This review provides an overview of silymarin's historical context, phytochemical composition, and pharmacokinetic profile, with a particular focus on targeted drug delivery systems. Special emphasis is placed on its potential role in managing various diseases.

Indexed as

cellular pathwayherbal moietyimmunomodulatornanocarrierneuro-regenerative medicinesilymarin

Identifiers

PMID41394134
PMCPMC12695834

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.