Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41395316›Full record

ArticleIJTLD open2025

Global status of policies and practices for systematic TB screening in high-burden countries.

A L Innes, R Matji, D Menzies, K Rade, J Alacapa, B Sanni, E Qadeer, N Kak, A Paydar, N Kumar and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IJTLD open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

A L InnesInnes Consulting, Hanoi, Vietnam.
R MatjiAQUITY Innovations, Pretoria, South Africa.
D MenziesMcGill International TB Centre, Montreal Chest Institute, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
K RadeIndependent Consultant, Mumbai, India.
J AlacapaData and Implementation Sciences for Health (DISH), Manila, Philippines.
B SanniAQUITY Innovations, Houston, TX, USA.
E QadeerHealth Solutions International, Islamabad, Pakistan.
N KakAQUITY Innovations, Washington, DC, USA.
A PaydarMcGill International TB Centre, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
N KumarCentral Tuberculosis Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, India.
T T PakasiDirectorate of CDC, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia.
O Chijoke-AkaniroNational Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Buruli Ulcer Control Programme, Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.
M IsmailNational Tuberculosis Programme, Common Management Unit for AIDS, TB and Malaria, Islamabad, Pakistan.
R A FabellaNational Tuberculosis Program, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines.
N NdjekaNational Tuberculosis Programme, National Department of Health, Pretoria, South Africa.
A BuruaNational Tuberculosis and Leprosy Programme, Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Kampala, Uganda.
V L DinhNational Tuberculosis Program, National Lung Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
D FalzonDepartment for HIV, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
C R MillerDepartment for HIV, Tuberculosis, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe global status of policies and practices for systematic TB screening has not been described since the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline update in 2021. In 2024, the WHO Global Programme on Tuberculosis & Lung Health commissioned a questionnaire survey and in-depth reviews of systematic screening for TB disease in high-TB-burden countries.

methodsA short-answer and multiple-choice questionnaire was sent to the 30 highest-TB-burden countries to query national policies and the scale of systematic screening, prioritising practices and results among targeted populations. In eight of the 30 countries, mixed-methods in-depth reviews comprised national policy desk reviews; stakeholder interviews; subnational site visits; and analyses of TB cascade of care data from systematic TB screening (2021-2023).

resultsSystematic TB screening showed signs of expansion since 2021 in eight high-TB-burden countries. The questionnaire survey and in-depth reviews identified best practices including chest X-ray prioritisation in parallel with or replacing symptom screening, computer-aided detection for chest X-ray interpretation, machine-learning spatial analytics, and intensive community mobilisation.

conclusionHigh-TB-burden countries have expanded systematic TB screening, but national data systems for monitoring and evaluation must be strengthened to evaluate systematic screening results. Funding and human resource mobilisation is critical for progress. Artificial intelligence and innovative tools may improve implementation quality, enhancing existing human workforce capacity in the context of limited resources.

Indexed as

artificial intelligencechest X-raysdiagnosisimagingsystematic screeningtuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID41395316
PMCPMC12699962

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.