Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41398234›Full record

SynthesisBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025

Maternal smoking during pregnancy and newborn telomere length (TL): a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Reza Moshfeghinia, Mahla Ghahremani, Amir Reza Ghasemi, Sara Mostafavi, Hoorad Mohagheghzadeh, Najmeh Maharlouei, Jamshid Ahmadi, Hossein Molavi Vardanjani

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Placental Pathophysiology and Developmental Programming of Adult Cardiometabolic Risk: A Narrative Review of Pregnancy Exposures.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Reza MoshfeghiniaStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. rezamoshfeghinia@gmail.com.
Mahla GhahremaniStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Amir Reza GhasemiStudents Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Sara MostafaviStudent Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Hoorad MohagheghzadehFaculty of Pharmacy, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey.
Najmeh MaharloueiHealth Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Jamshid AhmadiInstitute for Multicultural Counseling & Education Services (IMCES), Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Hossein Molavi VardanjaniMPH Program, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. hosseinmolavi@ymail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTelomeres indicate cellular aging. Shortened telomeres are linked to various diseases and mortality, influenced by factors like inflammation, genetics, and environmental exposures, including smoking. Assessing newborn telomere length (TL) and maternal smoking association remains unexplored. A systematic review aims to fill this gap, potentially advancing clinical understanding and guiding future research.

methodsThis systematic review involved searching six English electronic databases—PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL Complete—for records from their inception until February 2024. The review focused solely on observational studies. Included studies assessed the impact of maternal smoking during pregnancy on the TL of newborns. The quality of these studies was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale. A random-effect model was employed, and the statistical analysis was conducted with Stata software version 17.

resultsEight of 485 initial studies were included for systematic and five for meta-analysis. Eight studies involving 2,797 participants investigated prenatal smoking’s impact on infant telomere length, predominantly using qPCR and umbilical cord blood cells for measurement of TL. Five studies with 1,822 participants assessed the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on newborn TL, revealing a significant negative correlation (-0.19 [-0.32, -0.09]). Despite high heterogeneity (I2: 85.57%), no publication bias was found. Sensitivity analysis, excluding one study, showed a stronger correlation (-0.27 [-0.36, -0.17]) and reduced heterogeneity (I2: 53.21%). Subgroup analysis by nationality indicated a slightly stronger correlation in North American studies (-0.21 [-0.30, -0.12]) compared to Asian studies (-0.17 [-0.52, 0.17]). No significant differences were observed (p = 0.85).

conclusionA meta-analysis found maternal smoking in pregnancy correlates negatively with neonatal telomere length, impacting aging. Urgent awareness and further research are needed for preventive measures.

Indexed as

Prenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsSmokingTelomereTelomere ShorteningFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornObservational Studies as TopicPregnancyNewbornPregnancySmokingTelomereTelomere shortening

Identifiers

PMID41398234
PMCPMC12822185

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.