Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41398306›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Comparative effects of intermittent fasting and calorie restriction on cardiovascular health in adults with overweight or obesity.

Niloufar Abdollahpour, Najmeh Seifi, Mina Nosrati, Habibollah Esmaily, Ali Mottaghi Moghaddam Shahri, Gordon A Ferns, Maryam Alinezhad-Namaghi, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Niloufar Abdollahpour *Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199- 91766, Iran.
Najmeh Seifi *Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199- 91766, Iran.
Mina NosratiDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199- 91766, Iran.
Habibollah EsmailyDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Ali Mottaghi Moghaddam ShahriDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199- 91766, Iran.
Gordon A FernsDivision of Medical Education, Sussex Medical School, Brighton &amp, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, UK.
Maryam Alinezhad-NamaghiDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199- 91766, Iran. alinezhadnm@gmail.com.
Majid Ghayour-MobarhanDepartment of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 99199- 91766, Iran. ghayourmobarhan@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are a significant global health concern. Previous studies have demonstrated that lifestyle-based strategies such as 5:2 intermittent fasting (IF) and calorie restriction (CR) may improve blood pressure, lipid profiles, glycemic control, and cardiovascular risk scores. However, comparative evidence on their effects in real-world settings remains limited. This study aimed to compare the effects of 5:2 IF and CR on cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese adults. This longitudinal cohort study used data from the Iranian National Obesity Registry (IRNOR). A total of 82 participants were included (40 in the 5:2 IF group and 42 in the CR group). Participants followed either a 5:2 IF (500-600 kcal on fasting days, isocaloric on other days) or a daily CR approach (500-1000 kcal deficit). Cardiovascular risk factors including blood pressure indices, lipid profile components, glycemic markers, and CVD risk scores were compared between groups over three months. The mean age of participants was 35.55 ± 12.18 years (70.7% female). At the end of week 12, mean arterial pressure and rate-pressure product significantly decreased in both groups compared to that of the baseline (P < 0.05). The 5:2 IF group also experienced a significant decrease in serum triglyceride levels (P = 0.04). Additionally, at the end of the study, systolic blood pressure (123.78 ± 9.95 vs. 127.62 ± 12.16), pulse pressure (41.53 ± 6.76 vs. 46.51 ± 9.36), and the 30-year Framingham cardiovascular risk score for full CVD (19.17 ± 14.13 vs. 21.53 ± 15.10) and for hard CVD (10.31 ± 8.51 vs. 12.00 ± 9.88) were significantly lower in the 5:2 IF group compared to the amounts for the CR group (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in other metabolic parameters between the two groups (P > 0.05). Intermittent fasting regimen, particularly the 5:2 IF, may be associated with greater improvement in systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and the 30-year cardiovascular risk score over three months. Other metabolic outcomes were similar between the groups. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Indexed as

Caloric RestrictionCardiovascular DiseasesFastingObesityOverweightAdultBlood GlucoseBlood PressureFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansIntermittent FastingIranLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseBlood pressureCalorie restrictionHeart disease risk factorsIntermittent fastingObesity

Identifiers

PMID41398306
PMCPMC12827324

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.