ArticleInternational ophthalmology2025
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of twenty patients with cytomegalovirus-associated anterior uveitis treated with valganciclovir.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
purposeThis study aims to evaluate the clinical features, prognosis, and complications of 20 cases diagnosed with cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis anterior uveitis (CMV AU) who used oral valganciclovir (VGV).
methodsThe medical records of patients with CMV AU were reviewed and patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examinations.
resultsSix patients (30%) were female and 14 patients (70%) were male. The mean age of admission to the Uvea-Behçet unit was 41.0 ± 3.2 years (range, 19-66 years). Acute type CMV AU was diagnosed in six (30%) patients and chronic type AU was diagnosed in 14 (70%) patients. CMV-associated AU was divided into two types: acute (Posner type) and chronic. The chronic type was further categorized into two groups: Fuchs type and chronic mixed type. The acute type was diagnosed in six patients (30%) and the chronic type was diagnosed in 14 patients (70%); The acute type was diagnosed in six patients (30%) and the chronic type in 14 patients (70%); two patients (10%) of the chronic type were diagnosed with Fuchs and 12 patients (60%) with chronic mixed type. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) before treatment was 36.4 ± 19.5 mm Hg (13-75 mm Hg). The pupils of the patients remained round, and vitritis, prominent posterior synechiae, and heterochromia did not present in any patients. Mild diffuse iris stromal atrophy was seen in four patients (20%). The average duration of oral VGV treatment was 13.4 ± 1.3 months (range, 6-25 months). No recurrence was observed in 12 patients (60%) monitored for remission after oral VGV treatment was stopped. The average duration of remission for these 12 patients (60%) was 36.1 ± 8.2 months (range, 18-102 months). The mean IOP level after treatment was 9.9 ± 3.3 mm Hg (range, 7-15 mm Hg). Two patients (10%) underwent Ahmed glaucoma valve surgery since their IOP levels did not reduce despite their uveitis inflammation remaining in remission.
conclusionsOral VGV therapy is an effective and safe treatment for CMV AU. Effective prevention against glaucoma involves early detection of CMV AU and prompt access to oral VGV treatment.
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